绿色发展理念视角下内蒙古煤矿区格局演变分析  

Analysis of Pattern Evolution of Coal Mine Areas in Inner Mongolia from the Perspective of the Green Development Concept

作　　者：张俊瑶 杨晓梅[1,2] 王志华 杨海坤[3] 张博淳 万庆 雷梅 ZHANG Junyao;YANG Xiaomei;WANG Zhihua;YANG Haikun;ZHANG Bochun;WAN Qing;LEI Mei(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Zhongke Landscape(Beijing)Science and Technology Information Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100071,China;China Siwei Surveying and Mapping Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中科山水(北京)科技信息有限公司,北京100071 [4]中国四维测绘技术有限公司,北京100089

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2023年第8期1655-1668,共14页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1800100);LREIS自主创新项目(KPI001)。

摘　　要：遥感技术为监测煤矿粗放式开发利用导致的资源环境破坏提供了便利,而绿色发展理念视角下对煤矿资源及周边生态环境的监测对遥感技术进一步提出了识别内部精细类型、开展长时序格局演变的新要求。为此,本研究基于高分六号(GF-6)影像、Landsat系列影像和谷歌地球历史高分影像,在内蒙古典型煤矿区采用人机交互的方式提取了2007—2019年包含露天采矿场、覆煤区、排土场和复垦区4种类型的煤矿区空间范围数据,从煤矿开采与治理趋势和煤矿开采与治理对周边土地利用的影响2个方面对该煤矿区的时空格局演变展开分析。结果显示煤矿区在2010年以前处于集中开采阶段,对周围土地利用侵占的主要用地类型为草地,在2010年后逐渐开始开展治理工作,且2015年后治理趋势超过开采趋势,实现了从“先开采后治理”到“边开采边治理”的转变。研究表明结合多源遥感影像可以实现绿色发展理念视角下煤矿区含内部精细类型的长时序动态监测,开采与治理相关结论可以为政策实施的有效性评估和政策演进的优化调整提供技术支撑。As an important basic energy of our country,coal has been rapidly consumed due to extensive exploitation and utilization in recent years,meanwhile,it destroys the surrounding ecological environment,which further aggravates the contradiction between the exploitation of resources and environmental protection.Remote sensing technology,with its all-weather,full coverage,and multi-scale advantages,provides convenience for monitoring the environmental damage caused by coal mine development and utilization.However,from the perspective of green development concept,new requirements are put forward for the monitoring of coal mine resources and surrounding ecological environment.It not only requires long time series dynamic monitoring to provide data support for the analysis of temporal and spatial evolution of the ecological environment in the coal mine area and the surrounding areas,but also requires the identification of fine types within the coal mine area to further clarify the development and management trend.Therefore,based on GF-6 images,Landsat series images,and Google Earth historical high-resolution images,this study extracted the spatial distribution of four types of coal mine areas,including open pits,coal overlying areas,dump,and reclamation areas,from 2007 to 2019 in typical coal mine areas of Inner Mongolia by means of humancomputer interaction.This paper analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of the coal mine area from two aspects:the trend of coal mine mining and management and the influence of coal mine mining and management on surrounding land use.The results show that the coal mine area was in the stage of centralized mining before 2010,and the main land cover type of the surrounding areas occupied was grassland.After 2010,the environmental treatment work was gradually carried out,and the mining intensity gradually slowed down.With the increasing strength of environmental treatment,the trend of treatment exceeded the trend of mining after 2015.In general,the mining and management of coal mine are

关 键 词：多源遥感影像 内蒙古煤矿区 格局演变 时空分析 绿色发展 遥感解译 动态监测 时空格局 

分 类 号：TD82[矿业工程—煤矿开采] TP751[矿业工程—矿山开采]