电子废弃物地理学国际研究进展——兼论中国废弃物治理制度演化  

Progress in international geographical studies on e-waste:Implications for understanding China’s waste regime transformation

作　　者：汪坤 童昕[2] 郭杰 张虹鸥[1] WANG Kun;TONG Xin;GUO Jie;ZHANG Hong'ou(Guangzhou Institute of Geography,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510070,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省科学院广州地理研究所,广州510070 [2]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2023年第7期1420-1430,共11页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42201268,72061137071);广东省科学院建设国内一流研究机构行动专项资金项目(2020GDASYL-20200102002)。

摘　　要：电子废弃物已成为全球增长最迅速的固体废弃物类型。论文首先系统梳理了“电子废弃物地理学”国际研究进展,归纳总结出三大相互关联的核心议题:电子废弃物跨国贸易、空间流动与全球环境正义;电子废弃物的“全球拆解网络”与“全球生产网络”之间的物质循环、价值流通及地理联系;电子废弃物跨国贸易的“政治生态学”研究。其次,基于国际研究梳理与实证总结,揭示中国电子废弃物回收实践由草根阶层主导的“全球拆解网络”到国家权力主导、市场协同作用的“循环经济”的制度演化过程。国际研究为剖析国家尺度的制度演化提供了重要理论支撑,这包括深入理解中国参与构建全球拆解网络的过程与机制、国家政治经济与环境治理模式对于“拆解中心”污染景观的生成与重构、环境整治过程中环境正义的复杂争论。最后,对现行废弃物治理的政策实践进行反思,提出将弱势群体利益诉求纳入政策考量的实操建议,通过保障社会—生态正义,实现更高质量的生态文明建设。E-waste has emerged as the most rapidly expanding category of solid waste globally.This article initially offered a comprehensive examination of the international scholarly advancements concerning geographies of e-waste,encapsulating three principal interconnected research topics:The global cross-border trade of e-waste,spatial distribution,and global environmental injustice;the interplay between material cycles,value circulation,and the geographical connections linking global dismantling networks and global production networks of e-waste;and the political ecology of transnational e-waste trade.Subsequently,the investigation unraveled the institutional metamorphosis of China's e-waste regimes,which transitioned from global dismantling networks orchestrated by the grassroots informal sector to a circular economy steered by state authority and market participants.International inquiries hold considerable significance in comprehending the institutional evolution at this national magnitude,encompassing China's engagement in shaping global dismantling networks,the(re)configuration of the pollution landscapes within the"dismantling hub"by national political economy and environmental governance patterns,as well as the intricate discourse surrounding environmental justice in the context of this institutional transformation.Lastly,the article deliberated on China's current execution of waste governance policies and proposed practical recommendations for integrating the interests of underprivileged populations into policy considerations,thereby facilitating a superior ecological civilization through enhancing socioecological justice.

关 键 词：电子废弃物 中国废物治理 循环经济 生态文明 研究进展 

分 类 号：F426.6[经济管理—产业经济] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]