《伪君子》的现代变异:索因卡对宗教伪善的审判  

A Modern Variation of Tartuffe:The Trials of Religious Hypocrisy by Wole Soyinka

作　　者：吴斯佳[1,2] Wu Sijia(School of Literature,Communication University of Zhejiang,Hangzhou,China,310018)

机构地区：[1]浙江传媒学院浙江省影视与戏剧研究中心 [2]浙江传媒学院文学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2023年第3期97-105,共9页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国外国文学研究索引(CFLSI)的研制与运用”(18ZDA284)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：非洲著名剧作家索因卡的剧作《裘罗教士的磨难》,无论在主题呈现还是艺术技巧的运用方面,都承袭了法国17世纪古典主义剧作家莫里哀的《伪君子》。本文基于影响研究等考据,认为索因卡对莫里哀的承袭主要体现在宗教伪善的揭示、艺术结构和人物形象的承袭,以及宗教与政治关系的考量三个方面。在宗教伪善的揭示方面,索因卡与三百年前的莫里哀遥相呼应,所揭露和讽刺的,都是职业宗教骗子的虚伪、欺骗和奸诈。在艺术结构和人物塑造方面,莫里哀和索因卡都注重于“三一律”的运用,两部剧作中的人物也有着高度的“契合”。而在宗教与政治的关系问题上,两位不同时代的剧作家都根据不同的社会语境做出了深刻的思考和犀利的揭示。两位剧作家都以剧场为法庭,对宗教骗子的欺诈行径做出了犀利的“审判”。African playwright Wole Soyinka’s play The Trials of Brother Jero follows the seventeenth-century French Neoclassical playwright Molière’s Tartuffe in its thematic presentation and artistic techniques.This paper argues that Soyinka follows Molière in three principal aspects:revelation of religious hypocrisy,inheritance of artis-tic structure and characterization,and consideration of the relationship between religion and politics.In terms of revelation of religious hypocrisy,Soyinka echoes Molière by exposing and satirizing the hypocrisy,deceit and treachery of professional Christian liars.In terms of artistic structure and characterization,both Molière and Soyinka adopt the principle of“three unities”,and there are close correspondences between the characters in the two plays.Furthermore,both of the playwrights delve into the relationship between religion and politics in a particular social context.Both use the theater as a courtroom to“judge”the fraudulent practices of the religious charlatans.

关 键 词：索因卡 《裘罗教士的磨难》 莫里哀 《伪君子》 影响研究 

分 类 号：I437.073[文学—其他各国文学]