论电子公证档案数据利用中个人信息保护的制度建构与完善  

On the System Construction and Improvement of Personal Information Protection in the Use of Electronic Notary Archives Data

作　　者：邓矜婷 周祥军 DENG Jinting;ZHOUXiangjun(Research Center for Criminal Justice,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872;School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《档案学研究》2023年第4期47-56,共10页Archives Science Study

基　　金：中国人民大学法学院数字法学实验室与司法部信息安全与智能装备重点实验室项目的合作成果;国家社会科学基金青年项目“监察法实施中的证据问题研究”(19CFX035)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：公证档案数字化形成的公证档案数据库包含巨量个人信息,引发监管机构和公众对个人信息安全的担忧,严重制约了电子公证档案数据资源的开发利用。电子公证平台的出现、档案数字化和公证机构体制改革将传统的公证机构单一管理公证档案模式变革为电子公证平台、多种形式公证机构共同管理公证档案数据模式,引发个人信息保护责任主体缺位、法律规范供给不足等法律问题。电子公证档案数据中的个人信息兼具社会属性和私人属性,应当在比例原则、符合实际原则和权责一致原则的理论框架下构建电子公证档案中个人信息保护“平台主导、机构配合、部门监督”的新型模式,明确新出现的“平台”的主体责任和分级保护要求,从法律规范、行业标准、基础设施等层面建构电子公证档案中个人信息保护制度,实现电子公证档案数据利用和个人信息保护之间的法益平衡,完善数字档案资源管理理论,推动数字经济时代电子公证档案数据资源的管理和开发利用的法治化。The notarial archives database containing a huge amount of personal information formed by the digitalization of notarial archives has caused concerns of regulatory agencies and the public about the security of personal information,which has seriously restricted the development and utilization of electronic notarial archives data resources.The emergence of electronic notarization platform,the digitization of archives and the institutional reform of notarization institutions have transformed the traditional mode of single management of notarial archives by notarial institutions into the mode of electronic notarization platform and the mode of joint management of notarial archives and data by electronic notary platforms and by various forms of notarial institutions,which has caused legal problems such as the absence of the responsible entity the subject responsible for personal information protection and the insufficient supply of legal norms.The personal information in the electronic notarial archives data has both social and private attributes.A new model of personal information protection in the electronic notarial archives should be built under the theoretical framework of the principle of proportionality,the principle of conformity with reality and the principle of consistency of power and responsibility,with the platform taking the lead,the institution cooperating and the department supervising.The entity's main responsibility and graded hierarchical protection requirements of the emerging"platform"should be clarified,a system for the protection of personal information in electronic notarial archives should be constructed at the levels of legal norms,industry standards and infrastructures,including legal norms,industrial standards At the level of infrastructure and other aspects,the personal information protection system in electronic notarial archives will be constructed to realize the balance of legal interests between the use of electronic notarial archives data and the protection of personal information,im

关 键 词：档案数字化 电子公证平台 个人信息保护 档案利用 

分 类 号：G270.7[文化科学—档案学]