基于16S rRNA高通量测序的长江口日本鳗鲡幼体肠道微生物群落研究  

Study on the intestinal microbial community of Japanese eel larvae in the Yangtze River Estuary based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing

作　　者：常亚娟 唐文乔[1,2] 郭弘艺[1,2] CHANG Yajuan;TANG Wenqiao;GUO Hongyi(Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第6期699-710,共12页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900802);国家自然科学基金项目(31093430)。

摘　　要：为了解长江口日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)幼体肠道微生物的结构特点和多样性组成,探索其潜在功能,采用MiSeq 16S rRNA高通量测序技术对2022年1―4月每月VA期和VB期2个发育时期的肠道样本进行微生物测序,分析了肠道微生物的OTU数量、菌群组成、丰度及Alpha多样性,并预测其功能。8个样本共测得1467个OTU,每个样本平均396个。共鉴定出51门、140纲、286目、414科、643属、959种,每个样本平均包含26门和229属,并表现出随月份递增而门数和属数明显减少的现象。在门水平上,以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(81.33%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)(10.61%)为优势菌群。在属水平上,主要由嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)(35.10%)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)(16.75%)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)(7.99%)、无色杆菌属(Achromobacter)(4.82%)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)(4.21%)等组成,显示了一组与其他鱼类不同的肠道微生物群落。1月组的肠道菌群丰度及多样性显著高于其他月组(P<0.05),其他3个月组之间及2个发育期组(VA期组和VB期组)之间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。KEGGpathway注释预测肠道菌群编码的大多数基因与新陈代谢相关,其中氨基酸转运与代谢功能类群的相对丰度较高。本研究解析了长江口日本鳗鲡幼体的肠道微生物结构组成及其时间变化特征,并分析了其优势菌群可能的作用途径,为其苗种繁育及饵料研制提供参考。The aims of this study were to analyze the structure and diversity of intestinal microorganisms in wild Anguilla japonica eel larvae from the Yangtze River Estuary and to explore the function of these intestinal microorganisms.MiSeq 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the 16S rRNA of microorganisms in wild eel larvae at different pigment development stages from January to April.We then counted the number of operational taxonomic units(OTU)of intestinal microorganisms in the samples,analyzed species composition,abundance,and alpha diversity,and predicted the function of these intestinal microorganisms.A total of 1467 OTUs were identified from the Japanese eel larvae samples,with an average of 396 per sample;these microorganisms were determined to belong to 51 phyla,140 classes,286 orders,414 families,643 genera,and 959 species.Each sample had an average of 26 phyla and 229 genera;however,a significant decrease in this diversity was observed with increasing months.At the phylum level,the dominant microflora were Proteobacteria(81.33%)and Bacteroidota(10.61%).At the genus level,the dominant bacterial groups were Psychrobacter(35.10%),Pseudomonas(16.75%),Flavobacterium(7.99%),Achromobacter(4.82%),and Shewanella(4.21%),which differed from the intestinal microbial communities observed in other fishes.The abundance and diversity of intestinal microflora in eel larvae from the January group were significantly higher than those in other months(P<0.05).Nonetheless,there was no significant difference in the structure and diversity of the intestinal microbial community among the other three groups or between the VA and VB stages of eel larvae at different pigment development stages(P>0.05).According to KEGG path annotation,it was predicted that most of the genes encoded by the intestinal microflora of Japanese eel larvae were related to metabolism;further,the relative abundance of amino acid transport and metabolic functional groups was high.The composition of microorganisms in the intestinal

关 键 词：长江口 日本鳗鲡 16S rRNA 肠道微生物 优势菌群 功能预测 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]