秘鲁外海涡旋的时空分布及其与茎柔鱼资源丰度的关系分析  

Analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of eddies off Peru and their relationship with the abundance of jumbo flying squid,Dosidicus gigas

作　　者：金鹏超 余为[1,2,3,4,5] 武孝慈 张聿琛 JIN Pengchao;YU Wei;WU Xiaoci;ZHANG Yuchen(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [5]农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第6期753-764,共12页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目(23ZR1427100);上海市人才发展资金项目(2021078);上海海洋大学学科创新先导专项;国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41906073)。

摘　　要：茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)是短生命周期的头足类种类,对环境变化极其敏感,秘鲁外海是茎柔鱼重要的作业渔场,该海域广泛分布的中尺度涡对其有何影响尚不清晰。本研究基于角动量涡旋检测与追踪算法(angular momentum eddy detection and tracking algorithm,AMEDA)获得的涡旋追踪数据分析了秘鲁外海涡旋的时空分布,并进一步采用茎柔鱼渔业数据、涡旋追踪数据和环境数据评估中尺度涡及其引起的环境变化对秘鲁外海茎柔鱼资源丰度和分布的影响。结果表明,秘鲁外海的涡旋主要分布在沿岸海域和15°S以南的海域,存在一定的月间变化,年际变化不明显。反气旋涡和气旋涡的影响范围划分为内部(0-R)和边缘(R-2R)区域,反气旋涡中的茎柔鱼丰度优于气旋涡,涡旋边缘的茎柔鱼丰度高于涡旋内部;反气旋涡中的适宜环境占比高于气旋涡,涡旋边缘的适宜环境占比高于涡旋内部。此外,反气旋涡中相对较低的海表面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)和50 m水层温度(T50 m)产生了更多的适宜栖息地,导致反气旋涡中茎柔鱼丰度更高。研究表明,不同类型涡旋内部和边缘中适宜环境变化存在差异,进而影响茎柔鱼资源丰度以及空间分布。Dosidicus gigas,a short-lived cephalopod species,is extremely sensitive to environmental changes.The waters off Peru are an important fishing ground for D.gigas;nonetheless,mesoscale eddies are ubiquitous throughout this region.However,the impacts of eddies off Peru on D.gigas remain unclear.In this study,we first analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of eddies off Peru using an angular momentum eddy detection and tracking algorithm(AMEDA)based on an eddy tracking dataset;we then used fishery data,an eddy tracking dataset,and environmental data to evaluate the impacts of mesoscale eddies and eddy-induced changes in the environmental conditions on the abundance and distribution of D.gigas off Peru.It was found that eddies off Peru were primarily distributed in the coastal waters and south of 15°S,with some inter-monthly variability;nonetheless,interannual variability was not significant.The influence range of the anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies was divided into internal(0–R)and marginal(R–2R)regions.The corresponding analysis showed that the abundance of D.gigas in the anticyclonic eddy regions was higher than that in the cyclonic eddy regions;further,the abundance of D.gigas at the edge of the eddies was higher than that in the center of the eddies.Correspondingly,the percentage of suitable environments in the anticyclonic eddies was higher than that in the cyclonic eddies,and the percentage of suitable environments at the edges of the eddies was higher than that in the center.In addition,the relatively lower sea surface temperature(SST)and 50 m water temperature(T50 m)in the anticyclonic eddies yielded more suitable habitats,leading to a high abundance of D.gigas at anticyclonic eddy sites.Our results suggested that the variation of suitable environments in the interior and edges of different types of eddies affects the abundance and spatial distribution of D.gigas.

关 键 词：中尺度涡 环境变化 茎柔鱼 资源丰度 秘鲁 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]