螺杆转子齿形台阶的横轧精确成形  

Precise forming of teeth step on screw rotor by cross rolling

作　　者：郑振华[1,2] ZHENG Zhenhua(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Engineering Research Center of the Parts Near-net Rolling,Ministry of Education,Beijing,100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083 [2]零件近净轧制成形教育部工程研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2023年第8期266-272,共7页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

摘　　要：螺杆压缩机具有工作效率高、易实现高转速等优点,被广泛应用于空气压缩机、热泵等行业.螺杆转子是螺杆压缩机的关键零件,它具有复杂的螺旋齿形台阶,制造难度大.该螺旋齿形台阶的传统制造工艺为:先对圆钢进行铣削加工,后经过磨削最终成形.铣削时,需要去除大量的多余金属,生产效率低,材料利用率也低.针对这一难题,提出了采用横轧精确成形齿形台阶的新工艺,具有生产效率高、材料利用率高、机加工量小等优点.本研究采用数值模拟和实验研究相结合的方法,揭示了横轧齿形台阶的成形机理,分析了不同成形阶段的应力和应变分布规律,讨论了轧制过程中轧制力的变化,最后对实验件进行了精度分析,结果显示实际成形件的截面轮廓与设计轮廓吻合良好,所有测量点的误差在-0.71~1.2 mm,成形精度高,采用横轧进行螺杆转子齿形台阶的精确成形是可行的.Screw compressor has been widely used in various industries such as air compressors and heat pumps due to its high work efficiency and easy realization of high rotate speed.Screw rotors are the key parts of screw compressors.Screw rotor has a complex spiral teeth step which causes a difficulty in manufacture.Traditionally,a round bar is milled to a blank for the screw rotor at first and then grinded to the final dimensions.The milling step is of low material utilization and time-consuming.In this paper,a new precise forming technology of cross rolling for teeth step was proposed to produce the blank for screw rotor.The new method has higher productivity,higher material utilization and less machining afterward.In this paper,the mechanism of the cross rolling teeth step was revealed using numerical simulation and experiment.The stress and strain distributions in the forming process were analyzed and the rolling force was discussed.Experiment has been conducted to verify the possibility of the new method.Results showed that the rolled teeth profile well matched the design profile,and all the errors measured were between-0.71 mm and 1.2 mm.The rolled teeth were with high accuracy and precise forming of teeth step by cross rolling was feasible.

关 键 词：螺杆转子 横轧 齿形台阶 精确成形 有限元仿真 

分 类 号：TJ05[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] TG335.19[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工] TH132.411[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]