青海马海盐湖低品位固体钾矿室内溶矿实验研究  

Experimental study on indoor dissolution of low-grade solid potassium ore in the Mahai Salt Lake, Qinghai Province

作　　者：张宇萌 赵艳军[1] 胡宇飞[1] ZHANG Yu-mengg;ZHAO Yan-jun;HU Yu-fei(MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Beijing 100037,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部深地资源成矿作用与矿产资源预测重点实验室,北京100037 [2]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》2023年第5期745-756,共12页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0604801);中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所基本科研业务费项目(KK2119);青海中航资源有限公司委托科技攻关项目“青海马海矿区浅部固体钾矿水溶开采的关键问题研究”。

摘　　要：柴达木盆地马海盐湖浅部赋存有储量可观的低品位固体钾盐资源,通过水溶开采即固液转化的方法为企业10万吨/年的钾肥生产提供了资源保障。随着水溶开采工作的持续进行,目前马海钾矿区北部浅部固体钾矿的品位进一步降低,给盐田和选矿工艺的调整带来极大挑战。为使这部分资源得以充分利用,本文以马海盐湖钻孔9-13和9-3附近埋深0~3m的固体钾矿样品为研究对象,系统开展了室内溶矿模拟实验。实验结果表明:(1)在固体钾矿KCl品位较低时,适当提高溶剂的波美度,有利于K^(+)的溶出,提高溶出液中K^(+)的浓度。(2)溶剂中Na^(+)的浓度太低会溶解盐层骨架,而Na^(+)的浓度太高会导致结盐,生产中应根据钾矿层的实际情况,以满足溶出液K^(+)浓度含量达标为准调整溶剂的波美度。(3)随着马海矿区固体钾矿品位持续降低,当K^(+)的浓度达到盐田生产要求时,钠盐池卤水中Na^(+)的浓度会明显增加,卤水中SO42-相对浓度也相应增加,钠盐池阶段析出的石盐将明显增加,进入成矿池中卤水的组分也会发生明显变化,这可能会对盐田生产产生较大的影响。上述实验结果可为盐田生产时溶剂的优化提供参考。The shallow section of Mahai Salt Lake in the Qaidam Basin holds significant reserves of low-grade solid potassium salt resources,which provide resource security for the production of 100000 tons/year of potassium fertilizer through water-soluble mining and solid-liquid conversion methods.With the continuous progress of water-soluble mining operations,the grade of solid potassium ore in the northern part of the Mahai mining area has further decreased,which brings great challenges to the adjustment of salt field and mineral processing.In order to make full use of this resource,this paper systematically carried out the indoor ore dissolution simulation experiment based on the low-grade solid potash ore samples near the shallow ore layers of boreholes 9-13 and 9-3 in Mahai Salt Lake,with burial depths of 0~3 m.The experimental results show that:①When the KCl grade of solid potassium ore is low,the degree of the solvent should be appropriately increased,which is conducive to the dissolution of K^(+)ions and the concentration of K^(+)in the dissolution solution.②The concentration of Na^(+)in the solvent is too low to dissolve the salt layer skeleton,but the high concentration of Na^(+)will lead to the salt concentration.In the production,the Baume degree of the solvent should be adjusted according to the actual situation of the K^(+)content of the dissolution solution.③As the grade of solid potassium ore in the Mahai mining area continues to decrease,when the concentration of K^(+)reaches the production requirement of the salt field,the concentration of Na^(+)in the sodium brine pool will significantly increase.The relative concentration of SO2-4 in brine also increase accordingly,the precipitation of rock salt from the sodium brine pool stage will significantly increase,and the composition of the brine entering the mineralization pool will also undergo significant changes.This may have a significant impact on salt field production.The above experimental results can provide reference for the optimization of solv

关 键 词：低品位固体钾盐 KCl品位 溶剂 溶矿实验 马海盐湖 

分 类 号：P619.211[天文地球—矿床学]