机动车礼让行人心理归因建模分析  

Analysis on Modeling of Vehicle Drivers’Comity Pedestrians Psychological Attribution

作　　者：王超[1,2] 顾永恒 何也 汪勇杰 WANG Chao;GU Yong-heng;HE Ye;WANG Yong-jie(School of Economics and Management,Chang’an University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710064,China;Weihai Institute for Interdisciplinary Research,Shandong University,Weihai Shandong 264209,China;School of Transportation and Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 611756,China;School of Transportation Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学经济与管理学院,陕西西安710064 [2]山东大学威海前沿交叉科学研究院,山东威海264209 [3]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都611756 [4]长安大学运输工程学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2023年第8期185-191,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：陕西省科技发展计划项目(2023-JC-YB-630);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(300102233401);陕西省教育厅青年创新团队建设科研计划项目(21JP005);山东省重点研发计划项目(2023RZA02019)。

摘　　要：结合我国机动车礼让行人实际现状,为缓解人车交互频繁的人行横道机动车不礼让行人引发的城市道路交通事故问题,在界定机动车驾驶人礼让驾驶行为内涵的基础上,采用主成分分析法,提炼出了用于研究的影响因子。基于扩展知信行理论,补充“个体特征”作为调解变量,探讨了“调解变量(个体特征)”对“自变量(主观认知、行为规范)”和“因变量(驾驶行为)”的调解效应。构建了机动车驾驶人的礼让行为决策逻辑模型,探讨了个体特征、主观认知、行为态度对驾驶行为的影响关系。通过城市交通管理部门的网络管理平台进行了线上问卷精准推送,最终获得了有效样本为5927份。对调查数据进行了相关性分析,并对相关变量进行了回归分析,得到了驾驶行为的回归方程,确立了线性关系。通过分析样本的性别、年龄、受教育程度以及月收入水平4个维度,进行演化博弈分析。基于人车交互关系,构建了机动车与行人的经济损益演化关系,进而探讨了机动车礼让行人心理归因。结果表明:机动车驾驶人的受教育程度越高,其主观认知越理性,越容易采取礼让行为;收入水平较高的驾驶人持有较为安全的驾驶态度,更易采取礼让行为;而年轻男性驾驶人的不礼让行人倾向最高。Combining with the actual situation of motor vehicles courtesy to pedestrians in China,in order to alleviate the problem of urban road traffic accidents caused by motor vehicles not giving way to pedestrians at crosswalks with frequent interaction between people and vehicles,on the basis of defining the connotation of courtesy driving behaviors of motor vehicle drivers,the influencing factors for research are extracted by using principal component analysis method.Based on the extended knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)theory,supplementing“individual characteristics”as the mediating variables,the mediating effect of“mediating variables(individual characteristics)”on“independent variables(subjective cognition,behavioral norm)”and“dependent variables(driving behaviors)”are discussed.A logical model for decisionmaking of motor vehicle drivers’courtesy behaviors is constructed,and the relationship of individual characteristics,subjective cognition and behavioral attitude with driving behaviors is discussed.The online questionnaire is accurately pushed through the network management platform of the urban traffic management department,and finally 5927 valid samples are obtained.The correlation analysis is carried out on the survey data,and the regression analysis is carried out on the relevant variables to obtain the regression equation of driving behaviors,and the linear relationship is established.By analyzing the dimensions of gender,age,education and monthly income level of the samples,an evolutionary game analysis is carried out.Based on the interaction between people and vehicles,the economic profit and loss evolution relationship among motor vehicles and pedestrians is constructed,and the psychological attribution of motor vehicles courtesy to pedestrians is explored discussed.The result shows that(1)the higher the education level of motor vehicle drivers,the more rational their subjective cognition,and more likely they are to adopt comity behaviors;(2)the drivers with higher income levels hold mo

关 键 词：交通工程 交通安全 主成分分析法 风险交通行为 知信行理论 驾驶人 礼让行人 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]