中深孔一次爆破成井的掏槽爆破方式优化研究  

Study on Optimization of Undercut Blasting Method of Disposable Blasting Well in Middle-Deep Holes

作　　者：姚高辉 李宜鑫 YAO Gaohui;LI Yiain(NFCAfrica Mining PLC,Beijing 100082,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中色非洲矿业有限公司,北京100082 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2023年第9期21-25,共5页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：介绍了天井一次爆破成井的两种掏槽爆破方案,方案1采用9个大孔加4个小孔的布孔方式,方案2采用5个大孔加4个小孔的布孔方式。利用Ansys/LS-DYNA软件对两种掏槽爆破方案进行了数值模拟分析。分析结果表明,两种掏槽形成的掏槽断面尺寸均可满足设计要求,槽腔断面呈现出两端大中间小的特点,具有较好的掏槽效果;方案1的爆破振动控制效果明显优于方案2;综合考虑掏槽效果、凿岩成本和爆破振动控制效果,需要对周围岩体进行保护时应该选用方案1;不需要对周围岩体进行适当保护时应该选用方案2。两种方案的现场试验均获得了预期的掏槽爆破效果。研究结果可为矿山一次爆破成井技术方案的选择提供参考。Two undercut blasting schemes for disposable blasting well of patio were introduced.Scheme 1 adopted the hole arrangement mode of 9 large holes and 4 small holes,and scheme 2 adopted the hole arrangement mode of 5 large holes and 4 small holes.Ansys/LS-DYNA software was used to simulate and analyze the two undercut blasting schemes.The analysis results show that the size of the undercut section formed by the two undercut schemes can meet the design requirements,and the section of the cavity shows the characteristics of large at both ends and small in the middle,which has a good undercut effect.The blasting vibration control effect of scheme 1 is obviously better than that of scheme 2.Considering the undercut effect,drilling cost and blasting vibration control effect,scheme 1 should be selected when the surrounding rock mass needs to be protected,and scheme 2 should be selected when there is no need to properly protect the surrounding rock mass.The field tests of the two schemes have achieved the expected undercut blasting effect.The research results can provide a reference for the selection of technical scheme of disposable blasting well in mines.

关 键 词：天井 掏槽爆破 一次爆破成井 数值模拟 爆破振动 

分 类 号：TD235.4[矿业工程—矿井建设]