不同精粗比柠条饲粮对湖羊生长性能、肉品质及肠道微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Caragana Diet with Different Concentrate to Forage Ratio onGrowth Performance,Meat Quality and Intestinal Microflora of Hu Sheep

作　　者：张瑞 王强 张磊[1] 肖宇航 薛云 孙耀军 崔久增 宋宇轩[1] ZHANG Rui;WANG Qiang;ZHANG Lei;XIAO Yuhang;XUE Yun;SUN Yaojun;CUI Jiuzeng;SONG Yuxuan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Center of Ansai District,Ansai 717400,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Center of Yanan City,Yanan 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100 [2]安塞区畜牧兽医服务中心,安塞717400 [3]延安市畜牧兽医服务中心,延安716000

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2023年第9期3622-3629,共8页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：金昌(吴起)肉羊试验示范基地项目(TGZX2021-37)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同精粗比柠条饲粮对湖羊生长性能、肉品质及肠道微生物区系的影响。【方法】试验选取2月龄左右、体重一致(15.36 kg±3.36 kg)断奶湖羊60只,平均分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复4只羊。粗饲料组成为60%柠条、20%花生秧及20%苜蓿,3组粗饲料与精料比例分别为60∶40、50∶50、40∶60。试验预饲期10 d,正试期60 d,试验期内每隔15 d记录各组湖羊的体重;试验结束后第2天屠宰,采集3组湖羊背最长肌、股三头肌和空肠内容物,进行肉品质分析和肠道菌群检测。【结果】3组湖羊体重在15、30和45 d无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验第60天时,60∶40组湖羊平均体重和平均日增重显著高于40∶60组(P<0.05);50∶50组股三头肌总氨基酸含量最高(P<0.05),各种风味氨基酸含量也较高;各组湖羊背最长肌和股三头肌各种氨基酸组成及含量均无显著差异(P>0.05);湖羊肌肉中各脂肪酸含量及比例在3组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组湖羊肠道微生物门水平主要细菌组成为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和髌杆菌门(Patescibacteria),其中厚壁菌门、变形菌门(Proteobacteia)和软壁菌门(Tenericutes)菌群丰度随饲粮中粗饲料的降低而降低(P<0.05);在属水平上,双歧杆菌科菌属(Aeriscardovia)丰度随粗饲料比例降低有升高的趋势(0.05<P<0.1)。【结论】柠条粗饲料与精料比例在60∶40时湖羊生长性能最高;50∶50时羊肉品质更好。饲喂不同精粗比柠条饲粮一定程度上影响肠道微生物结构。【Objective】This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different concentrate to forage ratio of Caragana diet on growth performance,meat quality and intestinal microflora of Hu sheep.【Method】60 Hu sheep about 2 months of age with uniform weight(15.36 kg±3.36 kg)were divided equally into three groups,there were 5 replicates per group,4 sheep per replicate,with 60%caragana hay,20%peanut hay and 20%alfalfa hay as the roughage diets,and the ratios of roughage to concentrate in the three groups were 60∶40,50∶50 and 40∶60,respectively.The adaption period was 10 days,and the experiment period was 60 days.The body weight of each group was recorded every 15 days during the test period,and the slaughter test was conducted on the second day after the end of the test period.Longissimus dorsal muscle and triceps femoris samples,and jejunum contents of Hu sheep were collected for meat quality analysis and intestinal flora testing.【Result】The results showed that there was no significant difference in body weight among the three groups at 15,30 and 45 days(P>0.05).On the 60th day of the experiment,the average body weight and average daily gain of the 60∶40 group were significantly higher than those of the 40∶60 group(P<0.05).The total amino acid content of triceps femoris in the 50∶50 group was the highest(P<0.05),and flavor amino acids contents in which were higher too.There was no significant change in the content and proportion of fatty acids in the muscle of Hu sheep among the three groups(P>0.05).The main bacterial composition of the gut microbiota phylum level in three group of Hu sheep was Firmicutes,Actinobacteria and Patescibacteria.The abundance of Firmicutes,Proteobacteia and Tenericutes decreased with the decrease of roughage(P<0.05).At the genus level,Aeriscardovia abundance tended to increase with roughage reduction(0.05<P<0.1).【Conclusion】When the ratio of roughage to concentrate was 60∶40,the growth performance of Hu sheep was the highest,and the mutton quality was better

关 键 词：柠条 湖羊 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]