明代山西长城沿线地区的蒙汉民族贸易  

Mongol-Han ethnic trade in the area along the Great Wall of Shanxi in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：刘千禧 LIU Qianxi(College of History and Culture,Bohai University,Jinzhou 121013,China)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学历史文化学院,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《运城学院学报》2023年第4期46-51,共6页Journal of Yuncheng University

摘　　要：明代山西长城沿线地区,地处农牧交错带,自然环境与民族构成复杂,蒙汉民族以长城为界南北对峙,边墙以南以农耕经济为主,边墙以北则以粗放型的游牧经济为主,双方经济具有天然的互补性。明代山西长城沿线地区蒙汉民族贸易,深受明蒙关系的影响,以“隆庆和议”为界,呈现出明显的阶段性特点,隆庆和议以前蒙汉贸易交流主要通过朝贡贸易与边境早期马市进行,并不适应日益扩大的蒙汉贸易,给明政府带来庞大财政负担;隆庆和议后蒙汉贸易由政府主导的朝贡贸易发展为更加自由的互市贸易,民市、小市、月市等民间贸易市场逐渐占据蒙汉贸易主体地位,交易范围扩展,贸易规模扩大,贸易商品与形式更加丰富。During the Ming Dynasty,the area along the Great Wall of Shanxi was an echolocating zone of agriculture and animal husbandry,with complex natural environment and ethnic composition.The Mongol and Han peoples confronted each other north and south along the Great Wall.South of the Wall was dominated by farming economy,while north of the wall was dominated by extensive nomadic economy.The two economies were naturally complementary.The Mongolian and Han ethnic trade along the Great Wall of Shanxi in Ming Dynasty was deeply influenced by the relationship between Ming and Mongolia,showing obvious stage characteristics with the“Longqing Peace Council”as the boundary.Before Longqing Peaceand Negotiation,the trade exchanges between Mongolia and Han were mainly carried out through tributary trade and early horse market on the border,which did not adapt to the expanding trade between Mongolia and Han and brought huge financial burden to the Ming government.After the Longqing Peace Negotiation,the government-led tribute trade developed into a freer mutual trade,and the folk trade markets such as the people's market,small market and month market gradually occupied the main position of Mongolian and Han trade,expanding the scope of trade,expanding the scale of trade,and enriching the trade commodities and forms.

关 键 词：明代 长城沿线地区 蒙汉民族贸易 马市 民间贸易 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]