考虑初始变形的煤炭漏斗车车体结构屈曲分析  

Buckling Analysis of Coal Hopper Car Body Structure with Initial Deformation

作　　者：谢素明[1] 王盛东 李涛[1,2] XIE Suming;WANG Shengdong;LI Tao(School of Locomotive and Rolling Stock Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China;Qiqihar Rail Transit Equipment Co.,Ltd,Qiqihar 161002,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机车车辆工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [2]齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2023年第4期31-38,共8页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：科技部高技术研究发展中心“科技助力经济2020”重点专项课题(2020YFB1200200ZL-02)。

摘　　要：采用非线性分析技术研究漏斗车车体在承受散粒货物和纵向压缩载荷作用时,由散粒货物引起的垂直于侧、端墙方向的变形会使车体的结构稳定性降低。首先,利用具有修正的D-P本构模型的实体单元模拟散粒煤,并建立散粒煤单元与车体结构的接触关系,通过接触非线性分析获得重车车体侧、端墙的位移结果,并将其与基于AAR标准中散粒货物对侧、端墙的压力公式得到的位移进行对比分析,进而分区域修正侧、端墙的压力公式;其次,在车钩纵向压缩作用下对车体进行线性屈曲与考虑初始变形的非线性屈曲分析,侧墙和端墙的最小线性屈曲因子分别为0.89和0.52;非线性屈曲的结果表明,侧墙临界载荷为3 550 kN,比线性屈曲的降低了10.4%;端墙临界载荷为1 780 kN,比线性屈曲的降低了23.1%;应用修正后压力公式施加散粒煤对车体的作用,端墙的压力修正区域B的非线性屈曲临界载荷比应用修正前压力公式的增大了14.9%;最后,针对侧、端墙局部屈曲因子低的区域,分别提出了增强横向刚度和纵向刚度的补强方案,补强后侧、端墙结构的屈曲因子均可提升至1.0以上;应用修正后压力公式的侧、端墙临界载荷提高至4 092、3 164 kN。The nonlinear analysis technology is used to study the low structural stability of the hopper car body which caused by the deformation of the bulk cargo perpendicular to the side and end walls when the hopper car body is subjected to bulk cargo and longitudinal compressive loads.Firstly,the solid element with the modified D-P constitutive model is used to simulate the granular coal,and the contact relationship between the granular coal element and the vehicle body structure is established.Based on the contact relationship established between the granular coal element and the vehicle body structure,the displacement responses of the side and end walls of the vehicle body in the fully loaded state are obtained through the contact nonlinear analysis,and the displacement response based on the pressure formula of the opposite side and end wall of bulk cargo in the AAR standard is compared and analyzed.Then the pressure formula of the end and side wall by region is corrected,and the linear buckling and nonlinear buckling analysis considering the initial deformation of the car body under the longitudinal compression of the coupler are carried out.The minimum linear buckling factors of the side wall and the end wall are 0.89 and 0.52 respectively.The results of nonlinear buckling show that the critical load of the side wall is 3550 kN which is 10.4%lower than that of linear buckling.The critical load of the end wall is 1780 kN which is 23.1%lower than that of linear buckling.The non-linear buckling critical load of the end wall located in the pressure correction region B,which is applied by applying the modified pressure formula to the car body,is increased by 14.9%compared with that before the modified pressure formula.Finally,a reinforced structure is proposed for the regions with low local buckling factors of the side and end walls,and the buckling factors of the reinforced side and end wall structures are raised to above 1.0.After the revised pressure formula is applied,the critical loads of the side and end walls are

关 键 词：漏斗车体 散体货物 D-P模型 非线性屈曲 

分 类 号：U272.62[机械工程—车辆工程]