黄河河岸带不同人为干扰的土壤物理性质比较  

Comparison of soil physical properties under different human disturbances in the Yellow River riparian zone

作　　者：张岩 张瑞香 刘占欣 冯雪琦 郭二辉[2] ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Ruixiang;LIU Zhanxin;FENG Xueqi;GUO Erhui(Henan Provincial Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Station,Zhengzhou 450008,Henan,China;College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省水土保持监测总站,河南郑州450008 [2]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2023年第5期1035-1044,共10页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41401206);河南省青年人才托举工程项目(2019HTP013)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究人为干扰强度对黄河河岸带土壤物理性质的影响,为黄河河岸带生态系统生态恢复与调控提供科学依据。【方法】2021年10月,在黄河洛阳—郑州段选择地形地貌和地表植被覆盖相对一致的河岸带区域,依据人为踩踏程度的不同,选择3种不同干扰强度的样地类型。按照5×3网格化划分近河岸带200 m×200 m样地,共设置15个样点,系统比较分析不同人为干扰强度(轻度、中度和重度)黄河河岸带土壤容重、土壤含水率、土壤毛管持水量、土壤最大持水量、土壤最小持水量、土壤总孔隙度、土壤毛管孔隙度和土壤非毛管孔隙度等土壤物理性质的差异。【结果】①随人为干扰强度的增加,土壤容重、土壤非毛管孔隙度逐渐增加;土壤含水率先增加后减小;土壤毛管持水量、土壤最大持水量、土壤最小持水量、土壤总孔隙度与土壤毛管孔隙度逐渐减小。②土壤容重与土壤含水率、土壤毛管孔隙度呈负相关,但未达到显著水平;土壤容重与土壤毛管持水量、土壤最大持水量、土壤最小持水量、土壤总孔隙度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与土壤非毛管孔隙度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】过度的人为踩踏等干扰增加了河岸带土壤紧实度,导致土壤物理性质退化以及土壤保水和持水能力降低。[Objective]This study aims to explore the impact of human disturbance on soil physical properties in the riparian zone,in order to provide a scientific basis for ecological restoration and regulation of the Yellow River riparian ecosystem.[Method]In October 2021,three types of sample sites with different degrees of disturbance were selected in the Luoyang-Zhengzhou section of the Yellow River based on the degree of human trampling,where the topography and surface vegetation coverage were relatively consistent.The near riparian zone was divided into 200 m×200 m sample plots according to a 5×3 grid,and a total of 15 sample points were set up.Differences in soil physical properties such as bulk density,moisture content,capillary water capacity,maximum water capacity,minimum water capacity,total porosity,capillary porosity,and non-capillary porosity in the Yellow River riparian zone with different levels of human disturbance intensity(mild,moderate and severe)were systematically compared and analyzed.[Result](1)With the increase of human disturbance intensity,soil bulk density and non-capillary porosity increased gradually.Soil moisture content first increased and then decreased.Soil capillary water capacity,maximum water capacity,minimum water capacity,total porosity and capillary porosity decreased gradually.(2)Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with soil moisture content and capillary porosity,but it did not reach a significant level.There was a significant negative correlation between soil bulk density and soil capillary water capacity,maximum water capacity,minimum water capacity and total porosity(P<0.01),and a significant positive correlation with non-capillary porosity(P<0.01).[Conclusion]Excessive human disturbance such as trampling increases the soil compaction in the riparian zone,leading to the degradation of soil physical properties,and a decrease in soil water retention and holding capacity.

关 键 词：黄河 河岸带 人为干扰 物理性质 土壤含水率 土壤孔隙度 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]