富马酸亚铁阻燃聚氨酯保温材料的火灾安全性能  

Fire Safety Performance of Flame Retardant Polyurethane Insulation Material Based on Ferrous Fumarate

作　　者：管浩村 陈希磊[1] GUAN Haocun;CHEN Xilei(College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《青岛科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期58-65,共8页Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51776101).

摘　　要：制备了富马酸亚铁(FF)阻燃聚氨酯保温复合材料(RPUF),通过锥形量热仪测试、热重-红外联用测试和微型量热仪测试研究了FF阻燃RPUF的火灾安全性能。结果表明,FF能显著降低RPUF的热释放速率(HRR)、总热释放(THR)、生烟速率(SPR)、总烟释放(TSP)、CO释放和热失重速率,提高RPUF的热稳定性,并且促进成炭,提高成炭量,优化炭层质量。其中含0.25%FF阻燃效果最好,对比纯聚氨酯,含0.25%FF复合材料的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)降低了57.9%,烟释放速率峰值(PSPR)降低了55%,CO降低了71.4%,CO_(2)降低了37.8%,成炭量提高了23.1%,炭层更加致密。FF阻燃RPUF机理是FF中含有铁元素具有抑烟特性,同时含有共轭马来酰基可以与聚氨酯的分解产物异氰酸酯反应,形成聚酰亚胺结构,从而优化了炭层结构,阻止材料降解,延缓燃烧进程,起到阻燃抑烟的作用。Ferrous fumarate flame retardant polyurethane thermal insulation composite(RPUF)was prepared.The fire safety performance of FF flame retardant RPUF was studied by cone calorimeter,thermogravimetric infrared and micro calorimeter.The results show that FF can significantly reduce the heat release rate(HRR),total heat release(THR),smoke production rate(SPR),total smoke production(TSP),CO release and thermal weight loss rate of RPUF,improve the thermal stability of RPUF,promote carbon formation,improve the amount of carbon formation and optimize the quality of carbon layer.The flame retardant effect of 0.25%FF composite is the best.Compared with pure polyurethane,the peak heat release rate of 0.25%FF composite is reduced by 57.9%,the peak smoke production rate is reduced by 55%,CO is reduced by 71.4%,CO_(2) is reduced by 37.8%,char residual was increased by 23.1%,and the char layer was denser.The mechanism of FF flame retardant RPUF is that FF contains iron and has smoke suppression characteristics.At the same time,it contains conjugated Maleyl group,which can react with isocyanate,the decomposition product of polyurethane,to form polyimide structure,so as to optimize the carbon layer structure,prevent material degradation,delay the combustion process,and play the role of flame retardant and smoke suppression.

关 键 词：富马酸亚铁 聚氨酯保温材料 阻燃 火灾安全性能 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]