石羊河流域典型畦灌玉米蒸散发量变化规律及归因分析  

Evapotranspiration Variation and Attribution Analysis of Maize Field under Typical Border Irrigation in Shiyang River Basin

作　　者：张霁 杨天一 于海超 李思恩 王月芯 秦淑静 郭慧 王春雨 ZHANG Ji;YANG Tianyi;YU Haichao;LI Sien;WANG Yuexin;QIN Shujing;GUO Hui;WANG Chunyu(Shiyanghe River Experimental Station,China Agricultural University,Wuwei 733009,China;College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学石羊河实验站,甘肃武威733009 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2023年第9期19-24,共6页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1900801)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确石羊河流域典型畦灌玉米蒸散发量变化规律及其驱动因素。【方法】基于涡度相关系统,在2015—2018年于中国农业大学石羊河试验站对西北典型畦灌玉米蒸散发量进行了连续观测。基于偏相关分析及结构方程模型分析了玉米蒸散发量与环境因子之间的关系。【结果】畦灌玉米生育期平均蒸散发量为524.3 mm,日平均蒸散发量为3.5 mm/d,生育期内日蒸散发量呈先上升后下降的单峰变化趋势,在7月达到峰值。净辐射量与蒸散发量之间的相关性最高,对蒸散发量影响程度较大的环境因子为净辐射量、温度、饱和水汽压差。结构方程结果表明,叶面积指数作为中间变量与蒸散发量之间存在正相关性。【结论】畦灌玉米生育期内日蒸散发量呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,净辐射量、温度、饱和水汽压差是对蒸散发量影响较大的环境因子。【Objective】Field evapotranspiration is the main consumption item of agricultural water.It is of great significance to clarify the evapotranspiration amount of crops during the growth period.【Method】Based on eddy correlation system,the evapotranspiration of maize field under typical border irrigation in northwest China was continuously observed at Shiyanghe Experimental Station,China Agricultural University from 2015 to 2018.Based on the partial correlation analysis and structural equation model,the relationship between evapotranspiration and meteorological factors during the growth period was analyzed.【Result】During the experiment period,the average evapotranspiration during the growing period of maize field under border irrigation was 524.3 mm,and the average daily evapotranspiration was 3.5 mm/d.The daily evapotranspiration showed a single-peak trend of rising to decreasing and reached its peak in July.Based on the analysis of the relationship between evapotranspiration and environmental factors during the experiment period,it can be seen that the correlation between net radiation and evapotranspiration is the largest,and the top three factors influencing the degree of environmental factors are net radiation,temperature and saturated vapor pressure difference.Based on the structural equation model(SEM),it was found that there was a positive correlation between leaf area index(LAI)as an intermediate variable and evapotranspiration,and net radiation,temperature and saturated vapor pressure difference were still the three environmental factors that had the greatest influence on evapotranspiration.【Conclusion】This study can provide a scientific basis for studying typical field evapotranspiration in Northwest China and understanding the impact of environmental change on crop evapotranspiration.

关 键 词：石羊河流域 畦灌 玉米 蒸散发量 偏相关分析 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S274