引水隧洞光面爆破参数优化数值模拟及现场试验研究  

Numerical Optimization and Field Test of Smooth Blasting Parameters for Diversion Tunnel

作　　者：丁家仁 曹华彰 蒋楠[2] 蔡忠伟 常雄 DING Jiaren;CAO Huazhang;JIANG Nan;CAI Zhongwei;CHANG Xiong(China International Water&Electric Corporation,Beijing 100120,China;Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利电力对外有限公司,北京100120 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2023年第5期46-53,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41972286、42072309、42102329);中国水利电力对外有限公司项目(CWE-GJ-296/20)。

摘　　要：提高钻爆法隧洞施工过程中的光面爆破效果是决定隧洞爆破工程建设周期及经济成本的关键。针对秘鲁圣加旺引水隧洞爆破工程超挖现象严重的问题,采用动力有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立引水隧洞周边孔简化的双孔爆炸破岩模型,模拟分析了光爆层厚度和周边孔间距对引水隧洞光面爆破效果的影响,优化了光爆层厚度和周边孔间距的设计方案,并将优化结果运用于工程现场进行爆破试验验证。结果表明:相同光爆层厚度下,随着周边孔间距的增大,双孔爆破后岩体叠加应力峰值降低,双孔之间裂纹贯通时间延后,爆孔与自由面的贯通时间增加;相同周边孔间距下,双孔爆破后岩体叠加应力大小基本一致,但随着光爆层厚度的增加,光爆层破坏所需时间增加,且光爆层全部破坏失效后,岩体应力峰值降低显著;根据优化结果选用光爆层厚度为450 mm、周边孔间距为400 mm的设计方案,经现场爆破试验结果显示该引水隧洞平均超挖量下降了27.6%,光面爆破参数优化效果显著。该研究结果对控制引水隧洞爆破开挖过程中超挖和欠挖问题有一定的指导作用。Improving the smooth blasting effect in the construction process through the drilling and blasting method is the key to determine the construction period and economic cost of tunnel blast engineering.Ai-ming at the serious problem of over-excavation in the blasting engineering of Santa Gawan diversion tunnel in Peru,a simplified double-hole blasting rock breaking model with surrounding holes of diversion tunnel was established by using dynamic finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA,and the influence of the thickness of smooth blasting layer and the spacing of surrounding holes on the blasting effect of diversion tunnel was studied.The design scheme of the thickness of the smooth blasting layer and the spacing of the surrounding holes was optimized,and the optimization results were applied to the engineering site for blas-ting test verification.The results show that under the same thickness of smooth blasting layer,with the in-crease of surrounding hole spacing,the peak value of superimposed rock stress decreases after double hole blasting,the crack penetration time between double holes is delayed,and the penetration time between blas-ting hole and free surface increases.Under the same hole spacing,the superposition stress after double hole blasting is basically the same,but with the increase of the thickness of the photoexplosion layer,the time required for the destruction of the photoexplosion layer increases,and the peak stress of the rock mass de-creases significantly after the failure of the photoexplosion layer.According to the optimization results,a design scheme with a smooth blasting layer thickness of 450 mm and a peripheral hole spacing of 400 mm was selected.The field test results show that the average over-excavation of diversion tunnel on site de-creased by 27.6%,and the parameter optimization effect of smooth blasting was significant.The research results have a certain guiding role in controlling over-excavation and under-excavation problems in the blas-ting excavation of the diversion tunnel.

关 键 词：引水隧洞 光面爆破 数值模拟 参数优化 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU751.9[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]