民族关系的调适与文学创作的“现实意义”——反思近年来有关奢香夫人的几部戏剧影视作品  

Adjustments in Ethnic Relations and Literary Writings’“Relevance to Reality”:Reflecting upon Recent Works for Television and Theater Related to Madame She Xiang

作　　者：邵文苑 SHAO Wenyuan(Shanghai University)

机构地区：[1]上海大学

出　　处：《国际比较文学（中英文）》2023年第2期108-123,共16页International Comparative Literature

基　　金：国家留学基金(2015-2018)的资助;上海大学“泮池计划”(2021-)

摘　　要：陈乐光与欧阳黔森著作权纠纷案的实质是关乎族群身份、人格尊严的公共关系的协商。一些人提出采用是否“忠于历史”的原则来评判公允,然而这一原则对部分采取口头叙事来记忆往事的族群十分不利,也忽略了每场战争的双方会以不同方式书写历史的现实。另一个原则是人所熟知的“现实意义”原则,但民族文学的“现实意义”是一个相当模糊的概念,并且很大程度上受到“少数服从多数”和“坚持各民族平等”等政治话语的影响。本文探讨了这些政治标语如何影响了少数民族民间叙事,以及与奢香夫人有关的创作。随后,通过分析陈乐光《奢香演义》的潜在意图,文章提出潜隐剧本呈现的是现象学意义上的真理,而非认识论的,直接的提问与对话就可达到去伪存真的目的。最后,透过苏晓星的《大明皇帝与彝家女杰》、郭毅的《少女奢香》以及国内外少数族裔写作,文章探讨民族文学书写如何远离“魔鬼的印记”,并提出一种以评估和调适民族关系为目标的文学批评模型,引导作家走向更为平衡的现实重构。The essence of the Chen Leguang and Ouyang Qiansen copyright dispute case revolves around the negotiation of public relations concerning ethnic identity and personal dignity.Some people suggest using the principle of“being faithful to history”to judge fairness.However,this principle is highly disadvantageous for ethnic groups that rely on oral narratives to remember the past,and it overlooks the reality that both sides of a war will write history in different ways.Another principle is the well-known“relevance to reality”principle,but ethnic literature’s“relevance to reality”is a rather vague concept and is greatly influenced by political discourses such as“minority obeys the majority”and“upholding equality among ethnic groups.”This article explores how these political slogans have influenced ethnic minority folk narratives,particularly those related to Madame She Xiang.Subsequently,by analyzing the underlying intentions of Chen Leguang’s Romance of She Xiang,the article proposes that the presentation of hidden transcripts represents phenomenological truth rather than epistemological truth,and that the goal of revealing the truth can be achieved through direct questioning and dialogue.Finally,through the exploration of Su Xiaoxing’s The Ming Emperor and a Heroic Yi Woman,Guo Yi’s She Xiang’s Childhood and Adolescence,and writings by ethnic minority authors both domestically and internationally,the article discusses how ethnic literature can move away from the“traces of the devil”and proposes a model for literary criticism that aims to evaluate and adjust ethnic relations,guiding writers towards a more balanced reconstruction of reality.

关 键 词：彝族文学 隐藏文本 辩证反讽 戏剧影视 共同体意识 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]