钙化转型-碳热还原从砷碱渣中分离制备砷锑  

Preparation of arsenic-antimony from arsenic alkali residue by calcification transformation-carbonthermal reduction

作　　者：易勤 龚傲 徐家聪 温盛汇 徐志峰 田磊 YI Qin;GONG Ao;XU Jia-cong;WEN Sheng-hui;XU Zhi-feng;TIAN Lei(Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;Jiangxi College of Applied Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China [2]Jiangxi College of Applied Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2023年第7期2193-2204,共12页中南大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：Project(2019YFC1907405)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China;Projects(52064021,52074136)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(20204BCJL23031)supported by the Jiangxi Provincial Cultivation Program for Academic and Technical Leaders of Major Subjects,China;Project(20202ACB213002)supported by the Jiangxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,China;Project(2019KY09)supported by the Merit-based Postdoctoral Research in Jiangxi Province,China;Project(JXUSTQJBJ2020004)supported by the Program of Qingjiang Excellent Young Talents;Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,China;Project(2021ACB204015)supported by the Distinguished Professor Program of Jinggang Scholars in Institutions of Higher Learning;Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China。

摘　　要：锑冶炼砷碱渣是锑冶炼过程中产生的危险固体废渣,目前对其进行资源化综合利用较为困难,存在砷锑回收率低、分离不完全、可能造成二次污染等问题。为解决这些问题,本研究以砷碱渣为原料,采用钙化转型-碳热还原工艺对砷碱渣进行处理。热力学研究结果表明,钙化转型拉大了砷锑还原所需要的温度区间,有利于还原过程中砷锑的分离。在最佳条件下,砷碱渣中的砷和锑的钙化率分别达到99.67%和98.74%;真空条件下对钙化渣还原可以有效分离砷、锑,碳热还原过程中钙化渣中砷、锑的还原率均超过99%,反应后经一次真空蒸馏提纯,砷、锑的纯度均能达到99.8%。与传统砷碱渣处理方法相比,该方法能更好地分离回收砷、锑,且制备的砷、锑纯度更高。Arsenic alkali residue is a hazardous solid waste typically produced during antimony smelting and its comprehensive utilization is relatively difficult,with problems such as low As and Sb recovery rates,incomplete separation,and risks of secondary pollution.To address these problems,this study develops a novel method to treat arsenic alkali residue obtained from antimony smelting using a calcification transformation-carbothermal reduction process.The thermodynamic results reveal that the calcification transition increases the temperature difference between arsenic and antimony reduction,thus facilitating the separation of arsenic and antimony during the reduction process.Arsenic and antimony in the arsenic alkali residue get calcification rates of 99.67%and 98.74%,respectively,under the optimal conditions.The reduction of calcified slag under vacuum effectively separates arsenic and antimony,and the reduction rate in the calcified slag during the carbothermal reduction process is more than 99%.After the reaction and purification by vacuum distillation,As and Sb purities greater than 99.8%are achieved.Compared with traditional arsenic alkali residue treatment methods,this method can better separate and recover arsenic and antimony with higher purity.

关 键 词：砷碱渣 钙化转型 碳热还原 砷锑分离 单质砷锑 

分 类 号：TF818[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TQ126.41[化学工程—无机化工]