柔性莫来石纤维的离心纺丝制备及其结构调控  

Preparation and structure regulation of flexible mullite fiber by centrifugal spinning

作　　者：李洋 孟胜楠 张旋 斯阳 俞建勇[1,2,3] 丁彬 LI Yang;MENG Shengnan;ZHANG Xuan;SI Yang;YU Jianyong;DING Bin(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620 [3]东华大学纺织科技创新中心,上海201620

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期16-22,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51903035)。

摘　　要：为探究莫来石纤维的制备工艺及其结构调控规律,通过铝源、硅源的水解-缩聚反应获得可纺性溶胶,结合高速离心纺丝法和陶瓷化工艺制得柔性莫来石纤维。采用黏度分析仪、扫描电子显微镜以及X射线衍射仪,探究可纺性溶胶的黏度、初生纤维及陶瓷纤维的形貌、陶瓷纤维的晶型的影响因素。试验结果表明,氧化物质量分数为28%、聚合物质量分数为10%的可纺溶胶(黏度为12.67 Pa·s),经60℃离心纺丝并于40℃干燥10 h后可获得溶剂残留量少、纤维形貌良好的初生纤维,同时莫来石初生纤维经1 300℃高温陶瓷化,所制备的莫来石纤维柔性好、纤维致密性高。To explore the preparation process of mullite fiber and its structure regulation law,the spinnable sol solution was fabricated by the hydrolysis-condensation reaction of the aluminum source and silicon source,and the flexible mullite fiber was produced by the combination with high-speed centrifugal spinning method and ceramics process.A series of factors on the viscosity of the solvent,the morphology of the primary and ceramic fiber,and the crystal structure of the ceramic fiber were investigated through the rotational viscometer,scanning electron microscope,and X-ray diffractometer.The results indicate that the primary fibers,fabricated at centrifugal spinning conditions of 60℃and drying conditions of 40℃for 10 h,exhibit low solvent residues and excellent fibrous morphology via the spinnable sol solution with oxide mass fraction of 28%and polymer mass fraction of 10%.Meanwhile,the flexible and compact mullite fibers are obtained by a 1300℃calcination of primary fiber.

关 键 词：陶瓷纤维 莫来石 柔性 溶胶-凝胶 离心纺丝 

分 类 号：TH145.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]