“与老杜歌诗同其沉郁”——《文史通义解读》撰著感言  

"Melancholy with Du Fu's Poetry"-Reflections on The General Interpretation of Historiography

作　　者：陈其泰[1] CHEN Qi-tai(School of History,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院暨史学理论与史学史研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期472-479,540,共9页Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家“十四五”发展规划重大学术文化工程《(新编)中国通史》纂修工程中国史学史卷。

摘　　要：章学诚的学术,回答了时代的需要,反映了时代精神,体现了时代的智慧。首先是章学诚对“道”的探索,以特具的睿智论证了“道”是不断发展演变、圣人学于众人、“约六经之旨随时撰述以究大道”等重要命题,标志着历史哲学领域的新开拓。其哲学成就是时代的光辉,是乾嘉时期学术思想的优秀成果。其次,他对烦琐考证学风的针砭,引导了后面像龚自珍、魏源等人更激烈的批判,推动了经世致用在清代出现第二次高峰。再次,章学诚提出了历史编纂改革的方向,给予近代以来著名学者梁启超、章太炎、白寿彝等人以宝贵的启示。第四,他提出以“性”和“情”为基础的教育思想,主张独立思考,反对墨守教条、人云亦云,鼓励勇于创造,这些主张都闪射着近代光芒。站在当今时代高度,总结章学诚学说的精华,阐释其中所闪耀的中国智慧,科学地评价他在思想史上的重要地位,这是学术研究的一项重要任务。Zhang Xuecheng's scholarship answers the needs of the times,reflects the spirit of the times,and embodies the wisdom of the times.First and foremost,Zhang Xuecheng's exploration of the"Dao"demonstrates with great wisdom that the"Dao"is constantly evolving,that sages learn from the people,and that it is essential to comprehend the essence of the Six Classics and adapt them to the present in order to explore the grand Dao.This marks a new frontier in the field of historical philosophy.His philosophical achievements shine with the brlliance of the times,representing exceptional accomplishments in academic thought during the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods.Secondly,his critique of tedious textual criticism paved the way for more rigorous criticism by later figures such as Gong Zizhen and Wei Yuan,and it spurred a second peak of practical learning and application in the Qing Dynasty.Thirdly,Zhang Xuecheng proposed a direction for reforming historical compilation,providing valuable inspiration for famous scholars of the modern era such as Liang Qichao,Zhang Taiyan,and Bai Shouyi.Finally,he put forth an educational thoughts based on"nature"and"emotion,"advocating independent thinking and opposing blind adherence to dogma and conformity.These ideas radiated the brilliance of the modern era.Standing at the vantage point of the present,it is an important task of academic research to summarize the essence of Zhang Xuecheng's theories,interpret the Chinese wisdom that shines within them,and objectively evaluate his significant position in intellectual history.

关 键 词：章学诚 《文史通义》 “道”的探索 考证学风 历史编纂 教育思想 启蒙意义 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]