日本排放核污染水行为所涉及的国际责任及中国应对  

Study on the International Legal Responsibility of Japan’s Discharge of Nuclear Contaminated Water and China’s Response

作　　者：吴蔚[1] WU Wei(China Institute of Boundary and Ocean Studies,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国边界与海洋研究院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2023年第3期3-12,共10页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：2020年度教育部青年基金项目“应用浮式平台保障南海维权执法的国际法问题研究”(20YJC820049),2023年度武汉大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目。

摘　　要：2011年,日本东北部海域发生地震,由此引发的特大海啸让东京电力公司所属的福岛核电站的反应堆和发电机组受损严重,进而造成了严重的核废料泄漏事故。日本为应对核电站事故采取的措施产生了大量核污染水。2021年4月,日本决定将福岛核电站产生的核污染水排入海洋,并于2023年8月24日正式启动核污染水排海。日本排放核污染水入海的行为违背了其国内法规定,也违反了其在诸多国际条约下承担的国际法义务。并且,国际原子能机构对日本核污染水处理情况的报告不能排除日本核污染水排海行为的违法性。对于日本排放核污染水的行为,建议中国从国际舆论、外交途径、法律途径和国际合作四个方面采取针对性措施予以应对。In 2011,an earthquake off northeastern Japan triggered a massive tsunami that severely damaged the reactors and generating units at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant owned by Tokyo Electric Power Company,which in turn caused a serious nuclear waste leak.Japan’s response to the accident at the plant resulted in large quantities of contaminated water.In April 2021,Japan decided to discharge contaminated water from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the ocean,and on 24 August,2023 the discharge of nuclear contaminated water started.Japan’s discharge of nuclear contaminated water into the ocean is contrary to the provisions of its domestic laws and violates its obligations of international law under numerous international treaties.Moreover,the report of the International Atomic Energy Agency on the treatment of Japan’s nuclear contaminated water cannot exclude the illegality of the discharge.With regard to Japan’s discharge of nuclear contaminated water,China can take targeted measures to deal with it in the four areas of international public opinion,diplomacy,law and international cooperation.

关 键 词：日本核污染水排放 海洋环境污染 渔业资源损害 国际法律责任 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]