井下节流技术在西南油气田致密气开发中的应用  

Application of downhole throttling technology to tight gas development in PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company

作　　者：温庆 张文娟 邹尼波 郑强[4] 胡顺源 WEN Qing;ZHANG Wenjuan;ZOU Nibo;ZHENG Qiang;HU Shunyuan(Gathering&Transportation Engineering Technology Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;Tight Oil&Gas Exploration and Development Department,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;Southern Sichuan Gas District,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China;Central Sichuan Oil and Gas District,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Suining,Sichuan 629000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田公司集输工程技术研究所 [2]中国石油西南油气田公司致密油气勘探开发项目部 [3]中国石油西南油气田公司蜀南气矿 [4]中国石油西南油气田公司川中油气矿

出　　处：《天然气勘探与开发》2023年第3期109-116,共8页Natural Gas Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油西南油气田公司科技项目“致密气地面工程关键工艺技术优化研究”(编号:20220305-03)。

摘　　要：井下节流技术是将地面节流移至井筒,在井下油管适当位置安装节流器,从而防止在节流过程中形成水合物而造成井筒堵塞的一项技术,实现气田低成本开发的目的。目前西南油气田致密气井采用“中高压集气+带液计量+气液混输+集中增压+集中处理”集输工艺,在平台加热节流,内部集输采用“串接+枝状”管网气液混输至集气站集中处理,为防止地面管线水合物的形成,初期在平台参考常规气田采用水套炉加热,后期逐步推行了电感应加热。为进一步优化、简化地面工艺流程,降低生产运行成本,2022年3月优选QL20H井作为首口井下节流试验井,并于2022年6月在QL212-8-H1、QL212-8-H2井这两口井下入节流器生产。基于3口试验应用井,对气井应用井下节流前后的生产运行情况进行了对比分析,研究结果表明:①使用井下节流技术能充分利用井底温度,有效防止水合物形成;②采用井下节流装置能使节流井套压下降相对缓慢,合理控制生产压差,实现气井平稳生产;③井下节流技术确实能够有效简化地面流程,降低运行成本。结论认为,井下节流技术在西南油气田致密气应用中取得了一定的成效,下一步还需持续开展试验及技术攻关,根据气田自身特点摸索经验,使井下节流技术在气田效益开发中发挥更大作用。Preventing hydrate forming in the throttling process further to block wellbore by installing a throttler at an appropriate position of downhole tubing,downhole throttling used in gasfields is a technology for throttling at wellbore instead of on surface in an effort to achieve low-cost development.For tight gas wells in PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,a kind of gathering and transportation process has been employed for the sake of platform heating and throttling,namely“gas gathering with medium-to high-pressure,metering with liquid,mixed gas and liquid transportation,and centralized boosting and processing”.In addition,as for internal gathering and transportation,through branch pipelines connected in series,gas and liquid are transported together to gathering stations for centralized processing.To prevent this formation in surface pipelines,heating through water jacket furnace is initially on the platform like conventional gas,and electric induction heating is gradually implemented in later stage.For further optimizing and simplifying surface process as well as reducing operational costs,QL20H well was selected as the first test one for downhole throttling in March 2022,and throttlers were individually installed into QL212-8-H1 and QL212-8-H2 wells in June 2022.The production per-formance before and after the throttling was analyzed for the three wells.Results show that(i)this technology allows for fully utiliz-ing bottomhole temperature to prevent hydrate formation with effect;(ii)downhole throttlers keep a relatively slow decline in casing pressure of throttling wells,so that the production-pressure difference is maintained within reasonable range for stable production;and(iii)actually,this technology boasts simple surface process to save the costs.It is concluded that downhole throttling has been ef-fectively applied to tight gas development in the company.Increasing experiments and researches will be conducted to ensure it to be more customized and beneficial for gasfield development.

关 键 词：井下节流 节流器 水合物 致密气井 电感应加热 优化简化 

分 类 号：TE37[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]