基于图像识别的大跨度铁路桥梁钢轨伸缩调节器监测系统与方法研究  

Research on Monitoring System and Method of Rail Expansion Joint for Long⁃span Railway Bridge Based on Image Recognition

作　　者：高梓航 王伟华 王铁霖 GAO Zihang;WANG Weihua;WANG Tielin(China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路设计集团有限公司,天津300308

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2023年第8期93-97,共5页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国铁路设计集团有限公司科技开发课题(2022BXZ003)。

摘　　要：为准确获取大跨度铁路桥梁钢轨伸缩调节器服役状态,提升运维管养能效,本文设计了钢轨伸缩调节器监测系统总体方案,基于图像识别技术研究校正视角偏差的结构位移识别方法,提出降低外界环境影响的结构温度识别方法。大跨度铁路桥梁钢轨伸缩调节器服役状态监测系统采用集成化、智能化、人性化的高清摄像机进行数据采集,实现了对尖轨位移量、基本轨位移量、钢纵梁位移量、梁缝变化量、钢枕方正度、轨温等指标的实时监测;通过图像边缘检测、坐标修正、位移自动判读等方法,实现了调节器及梁端伸缩装置的非接触式位移监测,降低了因视角偏差与图像噪声引起的系统误差,提高了位移监测精度;通过辐射定标、非均匀性校正、合作定标测温等方法,实现了调节器及梁端伸缩装置的非接触式温度监测,降低了因外界辐射与像元差异引起的系统误差,提高了温度监测精度。In order to accurately obtain the service state of the rail expansion joint(REJ)of the long-span railway bridge and improve the efficiency of operation,maintenance and management,the overall scheme of the REJ monitoring system was designed.Based on the image recognition technology,a structural displacement recognition method for correcting visual angle deviation was studied in this paper,and a structural temperature recognition method was proposed to reduce the impact of external environment.The integrated,intelligent and humanized high-definition camera is used for data acquisition in the service condition monitoring system for the REJ of long-span railway bridges.The real-time monitoring of the displacement of the point rail,the displacement of the basic rail,the displacement of the steel longitudinal girder,the displacement of the girder joint,the squareness of the steel sleeper and the rail temperature is realized.The non-contact displacement monitoring of the REJ and the girder end expansion device is realized by means of image edge detection,coordinate correction and automatic displacement interpretation,which reduces the system error caused by angle deviation and image noise and improves the accuracy of displacement monitoring.The non-contact temperature monitoring of the REJ and the girder end expansion device is realized by means of radiation calibration,non-uniformity correction,cooperative calibration temperature measurement and other methods,which reduces the system error caused by the difference between external radiation and pixels and improves the temperature monitoring accuracy.

关 键 词：铁路桥梁 钢轨伸缩调节器 监测系统 图像识别 非接触式监测 位移监测 温度监测 

分 类 号：U448.13[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U213.212[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]