矮砧密植苹果园一体式格架−防雹网系统建设  

Construction of Integrated Trellis and Hail Proof Net in Apple Orchards of Dwarfing and Dense Planting

作　　者：赵庆林 张忠伟 许彬[2] 张应华[2] ZHAO Qinglin;ZHANG Zhongwei;XU Bin;ZHANG Yinghua(Agricultural,Rural and Collective Economic Development Center,Sujia Country,Zhaoyang District,Zhaotong Yunnan 657000,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]昭通市昭阳区苏甲乡农业农村和集体经济发展中心,云南昭通657000 [2]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《农业工程》2023年第6期144-149,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AE090005);云南省科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AF150017)。

摘　　要：矮砧密植已成为世界苹果栽培的发展趋势,然而矮砧嫁接的苹果树根系浅,不抗倒伏,需要架设格架(支柱)以稳固树体。此外,苹果从开花到果实成熟过程中,经常会遇到冰雹灾害,严重影响苹果产量和品质,而搭建防雹网是有效的防雹措施。设计了一种改进型格架-防雹网系统,将原分开建设的格架、防雹网有机结合起来。并对新型格架系统结构、格架系统建设材料、架设、维护和成本等方面进行论述,以期为苹果园格架-防雹系统设计和建设、降低成本、系统管理和维护提供参考。Dense planting of apple orchards with dwarf rootstocks has become world apple cultivation development trend.However,apple root system under such planting pattern is shallow and the trees are easy to fall down.Trellis(struts)are needed to stabilize the tree.In addition,during process from flowering to ripening,hail often occurs,which seriously affects yield and quality of apples.Building hailstone proof nets is an effective hail prevention measure.An improved"integrated supporting and hail proof net"system was designed,which combined trellis and hailstone proof net.Structure,construction materials,erection,maintenance and cost of new trellis system were briefly analyzed in order to provide reference for design and construction,cost saving,system manage-ment and maintenance of"trellis–hailstone proof net"in apple orchard.

关 键 词：矮砧密植 苹果园 格架 防雹网 

分 类 号：S427[农业科学—植物保护]