TRIMP在女足运动员训练负荷监控中的定量研究  

Application of TRIMP in Monitoring Training Load of Female Soccer Players

作　　者：赵海燕[1] 水庆霞 王晨[1] ZHAO Haiyan;SHUI Qingxia;WANG Chen(Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science&Shanghai Anti-Doping Agency,Shanghai 200030,China;Shanghai Sports School,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海200030 [2]上海市体育运动学校,上海200083

出　　处：《体育科研》2023年第5期98-104,共7页Sport Science Research

基　　金：上海市体育科技“重点备战攻关”项目(19J003);上海市科学技术委员会科技创新行动计划项目(19dz1200700)。

摘　　要：目的:通过对上海女足在冬训期间周训练以及中国女子足球超级联赛中的内部负荷进行监测分析,探讨提高女足运动员训练效果方法。方法:用心率表(PolarRS400,芬兰)实时记录12名上海市健将级现役女子足球运动员冬训期间一周训练和中国女子足球超级联赛10场比赛的心率(HR)变化,采用Stagno算法计算训练冲量(TRIMP)。结果:(1)周一的TRIMP显著高于周二、周五、周六(P<0.01)和周三(P<0.05),与周四[显著高于周二(P<0.05)、周五、周六(P<0.01)]无显著性差异(P>0.05);周五的TRIMP显著低于周一、周二、周三、周四(P<0.01);(2)比赛的平均TRIMP值为316.59±22.80,显著高于大负荷训练课(P<0.05),比赛中80.2%的负荷刺激集中在高强度区间85%最大心率(HR_(max))以上,显著高于大负荷训练课(P<0.01)。结论:(1)在女足准备期的周训练负荷安排中,赛前3~4天适合安排较大的负荷量和强度以提升训练效果;(2)女足联赛的内部负荷主要集中于高强度区间(>85%HR_(max))。应显著提高大负荷训练课中高强度区间(>85%HR_(max))的占比,使机体得到充分的刺激,满足比赛的身体机能需求。Objective:The purpose of this study was to monitor and analyze the internal loads of Shanghai Women's Soccer Team during the weekly training in the programmed pre-season and in the Women's Super League,so as to investigate how to improve the training effectiveness of female soccer players.Method:During the weekly training in the pre-season and in the Women's Super League,the training heartbeats of twelve elite female soccer players were recorded by PolarRS400.And the Stagno method was used to calculate TRIMP.Results:(1)TRIMP on Monday has no significant difference with Thursday(P>0.05),but was significantly higher than the other days(P<0.05);TRIMP on Thursday was significantly higher than Tuesday(P<0.05),Friday and Saturday(P<0.01);TRIMP on Friday was significantly lower from Monday to Thursday(P<0.01);(2)The average value of the competition TRIMP was 316.59±22.80,which was significantly higher than that of the heavy-load training sessions(P<0.05),and 80.2%of the load stimulation in the competition was concentrated in the high-intensity interval(above 85%of maximum heart rate),significantly higher than the heavy load training sessions(P<0.01).Conclusion:(1)In the programmed weekly training in pre-season of women's soccer,a heavier load and higher intensity for 3-4 days is suitable before the match to enhance the training effect;(2)The internal load of the Women's Super League is mainly concentrated in the high-intensity interval(>85%HR_(max)),then the percentage of high-intensity intervals(>85%HR_(max))in the heavy-load training session should be significantly increased,so that the body can be fully stimulated to meet the physical function demand of the competition.

关 键 词：女足 训练负荷 TRIMP 训练安排 

分 类 号：G808[文化科学—体育训练]