中国X射线荧光光谱分析的地学应用60年  

Application of X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in Geological and Mineral Analysis for 60 Years

作　　者：李小莉[1] 王毅民[2] 邓赛文[2] 王祎亚[2] 李松[2] 白金峰[1] LI Xiao-li;WANG Yi-min;DENG Sai-wen;WANG Yi-ya;LI Song;BAI Jin-feng(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang 065000,China;National Research Center for Geoanalysis,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000 [2]国家地质实验测试中心,北京100037

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2023年第10期2989-2998,共10页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41903071);国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2012YQ050076);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2903001)资助。

摘　　要：作为X射线荧光光谱分析技术在中国最早的应用领域—地质与矿产资源应用已走过了60年的引入与发展历程。文章简介了中国X射线荧光分析实验室在中国的建立与早期发展;介绍了20世纪80年代中国地质与矿产资源系统引入和发展现代X射线光谱分析技术的主要时间节点和重要事件,包括:技术准备、仪器及软件引入、加拿大地质调查局Lachance先生,飞利浦de Jongh博士等著名学者应邀来华讲学活动和中国-德国(联邦地学与原料研究院)两期合作项目的支持等;重点评介了现代X射线荧光各分支技术(包括:便携式X射线荧光、同步辐射X射线荧光、扫描核探针、全反射X射线荧光和微束X射线荧光等)在地学领域多个方面的应用、主要成果和为地矿事业作出的重要贡献,包括:硅酸盐岩石全分析、痕量及超轻元素分析、各类矿石分析、地球化学调查和国际地球化学填图样品分析、海洋地质与矿产资源调查现场分析、稀土元素分析、卤族元素分析、野外现场分析、原位微区分析和标准物质研制与标准分析方法等11个应用方面。特别是在20世纪80年代实现了X射线荧光方法对传统化学方法的“替代”而成为岩石全分析的主导方法,从根本上改变了中国地质分析的面貌,推动了中国现代地球科学事业的发展,成为中国地质分析技术发展中的里程碑。在分析样品以亿计的大规模各类地球化学调查和国际地球化学填图项目中,X射线荧光分析方法充分发挥了制样简单、快速、经济而又无污染的优势,成为多种分析方法配套方案中的主导技术,从而作出了前所未有的突出贡献。所形成的方法在中国当今的地质分析中具有典型意义,代表着当今常规地质分析的普遍水平,具有时代特征。最后展望了X射线荧光分析技术地学应用的未来发展。引文64篇。As the earliest application field of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy technology in China,geology and mineral resources application has also been introduced and developed for 60 years.This article introduces the establishment and early development of an X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy laboratory in China.This paper summarizes the main time nodes and important events for the introduction and development of modern X-ray spectroscopic analysis technology in geological and mineral resources systems in the 1980s,including technical preparation,the introduction of instrumentation and software,Mr G R Lachance,Geological Survey of Canada,Dr Philips de Jongh and other famous scholars were invited to give lectures in China and the support of the China-Germany(Federal Institute of Geology and Raw Materials)two phases of cooperation projects.It focuses on the application of modern X-ray fluorescence branch technology(including portable X-ray fluorescence,synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence,scanning nuclear probe,fully reflection X-ray fluorescence and microbeam X-ray fluorescence,etc.)in the field of geoscience,the main achievements and the important contributions to the geological and mining industry,Including silicate rock full analysis,trace and ultra-light element analysis,all kinds of ore analysis,geochemical investigation and international geochemical mapping sample analysis,Marine geology and mineral resources survey field analysis,rare earth elements,halogen element analysis,field analysis,in situ microanalysis and standard material development and standard analysis methods of 11 applications.Especially in the 1980s,it realized the X-ray fluorescence method of“alternative”to the traditional chemical method and became the leading method of full rock analysis,fundamentally changed the face of geological analysis in China,strongly promoted the development of modern earth science,and become a milestone in the development of geological analysis technology in China.In the analysis of 100 million samples of large-sc

关 键 词：X射线荧光光谱 应用 地质与矿产 发展 历史 

分 类 号：O657.34[理学—分析化学]