纳米硼基复合金属颗粒弥散燃烧的诊断研究  

Study on Diagnostics of Nano Boron-Based Composite Metal Particles in Dispersion Combustion

作　　者：于润田 马曼曼 秦钊[2] 刘冠楠 张睿 刘冬[1] YU Run-tian;MA Man-man;QIN Zhao;LIU Guan-nan;ZHANG Rui;LIU Dong(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjin University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory,Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院,先进燃烧实验室,江苏南京210094 [2]西安近代化学研究所,燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2023年第10期3252-3259,共8页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：装备预研重点实验室基金项目(6142603180304)资助。

摘　　要：金属燃料的添加不仅能够提高推进剂的能量密度,还能缓解冲压发动机高频燃烧的不稳定现象。硼具有较高的质量热值和体积热值,受到了广泛关注。然而由于硼自身熔点高、沸点高且表面存在氧化层,导致点火困难,燃烧性能差。铝和铁的存在会使得氧化过程表面反应的放热增加,提高温度,促进硼的点火和燃烧。同时由于铝和铁具有较高的燃烧热和较快的能量释放速率,理论燃烧热利用率高,可引入铝和铁来提高硼的燃烧效率和实际燃烧热值。针对硼点火困难和燃烧性能差的问题,将硼分别和铝、铁掺混得到兼具较好点火性能和较高能量密度的复合金属燃料。采用弥散燃烧系统研究了纳米硼基复合金属颗粒云的弥散燃烧特性,利用高速相机获得硼及硼基复合金属颗粒云的燃烧过程,并利用双色法测量了其温度分布变化,应用光纤光谱仪、扫描透射电镜、X射线衍射和元素分析对硼基复合金属颗粒的燃烧特性及机理进行分析。结果表明,铝和铁的加入缩短了硼的点火延迟时间和燃烧时间,并且使得同一时间内被点燃的硼颗粒数量增加,硼的燃烧过程更加剧烈。铝的加入提高了复合燃料的燃烧温度;铁的加入降低了复合燃料的燃烧温度。硼基复合金属颗粒弥散燃烧测温过程中观察到明显的绿光,结合光谱图,分析该绿光来自于硼燃烧生成的中间产物BO_(2)。硼基复合金属颗粒弥散燃烧后团聚物主要为氧化产物,其中也含有少量的氮元素。硼基复合金属颗粒弥散燃烧后产物团聚现象更为明显,且不规则块状硼的破裂更加严重。硼基复合金属颗粒进入管式炉后,受到热辐射后在短时间内快速升温,铝和铁颗粒率先达到着火温度开始燃烧,燃烧释放的热量积聚在颗粒内部,被硼颗粒吸收,硼表面氧化层破裂,内部硼与空气接触,继而温度上升至硼的着火点,硼开始燃烧,从而�Adding metal fuel can improve the energy density of the propellant and alleviate the instability phenomenon of high frequency combustion of the ramjet.Boron has been of considerable interest as fuel for propellants and explosives due to its high gravimetric and volumetric calorific values.However,its combustion is inhibited by the high melting point,the high boiling point and the oxide layer that covers the particles.Aluminum and iron have high combustion heat,fast energy release rate and high theoretical combustion heat utilization.Aluminum and iron are introduced to improve boron s combustion efficiency and actual combustion heat value.Aluminum and iron increases the exothermic heat of surface reaction and promotes the ignition and combustion of boron.Boron is mixed with aluminum and iron to make composite metal fuel to solve the problems of difficult ignition and poor combustion performance.Solid fuel with great ignition performance and high energy density can be obtained.The effects of ignition and combustion characteristics of boron-based composite fuel were explored using a dispersion combustion system.The ignition phenomenon of boron-based composite metal fuel was recorded by the high-speed camera,and the temperature distribution was calculated by using the two-color pyrometry method.The combustion mechanism of boron-based composite metal fuel was analyzed using characterization methods.The results showed that adding aluminum and iron reduced the ignition delay time and combustion time.The number of boron particles ignited increased at the same time.The combustion process of boron was intense.The addition of nano-aluminum increased the combustion temperature,while the addition of nano-iron decreased the combustion temperature.The obvious green light was observed during the temperature measurement of boron-based composite metal particles in dispersion combustion.The emission spectrum showed that the green light come from the intermediate product BO_(2)generated by boron combustion.After dispersion combustio

关 键 词：纳米颗粒 硼基复合金属 弥散燃烧 燃烧诊断 

分 类 号：TK11[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]