情报的“名”与“实”  

The“Name”and“Essence”of Intelligence

作　　者：曹磊[1] CAO Lei(Shanghai Library(Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of Shanghai),Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海图书馆(上海科学技术情报研究所),上海200031

出　　处：《竞争情报》2023年第5期10-17,共8页Competitive Intelligence

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“大数据环境下支撑科创中心建设情报分析范式研究”(编号:2017ETQ004)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：在情报学界,有关情报定义的研究不胜枚举,一些理论成果也已得到公认。但情报并非完全是由学界提出的概念,它是人类社会自然形成的一种活动,会随着社会的发展而不断变化。因此,对其内涵和外延的讨论是长期存在的。首先,试图绕开先入为主的概念解释,通过对情报活动的历史和情报机构的发展来解构情报的本质;其次,从名称的产生及演变来辨析情报的概念;最后,总结对情报的认识,希冀以此指导情报活动。认为情报活动是一种融合“information”(信息)及“intelligence”(智慧)的社会活动,能够帮助人类更好地理解复杂问题,做出明智的决策,在快速变化的世界中保持竞争力。In the field of information science,there are countless researches on the definition of“intelligence”,and some theoretical achievements have been recognized.However,intelligence is not just a concept produced in academic circles,but an activity naturally formed by human society,which will constantly change with the development of society.Therefore,the discussion on its connotation and extension has existed for a long time.This paper tries to avoid the preconceived concept explanation,but deconstructs the essence of“intelligence”through the history of Chinese and foreign intelligence activities and the development of intelligence agencies,and then discriminates the concept of“intelligence”from the emergence and evolution of the word“intelligence”,so as to unify the understanding of“intelligence”with the hope to guide intelligence activities.This paper holds that intelligence activities should be a social activity that combines both“information”and“intelligence”,which can help human beings to better understand complex problems,make wise decisions and remain competitive in a rapidly changing world.

关 键 词：情报 信息 情报活动 情报机构 情报概念 

分 类 号：G350[文化科学—情报学]