泰宁金湖鱼类群落结构及鲢、鳙生长特征  

Fish community structure and the growth performance of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in Jinhu Reservoir,Taining County,Fujian Province

作　　者：何美峰[1] 肖九兰 梁忠连 崔利峰[1] 陈梦云 HE Meifeng;XIAO Jiulan;LIANG Zhonglian;CUI Lifeng;CHEN Mengyun(Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350002,China;Taining Fisheries Technology Extension Center,Sanming 354400,China;Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Taining,Sanming 354400,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省淡水水产研究所,福建福州350002 [2]泰宁县水产技术推广站,福建三明354400 [3]泰宁县农业农村局,福建三明354400

出　　处：《渔业研究》2023年第5期462-472,共11页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项(2021MDS-YT002);福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R1014003);福建省海洋服务与高质量发展专项(FJHY-YYKJ-2023-2-5)。

摘　　要：本研究于2022年1月、4月、7月和10月利用混合刺网和地笼网对泰宁金湖鱼类资源进行探捕,共发现鱼类32种,隶属于3目8科26属,其中以鲤形目鱼类为主,生态类型组成以肉食性、杂食性鱼类为主。群落优势度中全年优势种有4种,即鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、细鳞鲴(Xenocypris microlepis)和达氏鲌(Culter dabryi dabryi)。构建鲢和鳙生长模型,其中鲢的体长、体质量生长方程分别为:L_(t)=74.52×[1-e^(-0.26(t+0.35))];W t=6925.48×[1-e^(-0.26(t+0.35))]2.9069;鳙体长、体质量生长方程分别为:L_(t)=68.35×[1-e^(-0.19(t+0.82))];W t=5669.32×[1-e^(-0.19(t+0.82))]2.9730。金湖鲢和鳙的生长拐点年龄分别为3.75龄和4.91龄。建议鲢、鳙的起捕年龄分别为4龄和5龄,以最大程度发挥保水功效和经济效益。研究结果为金湖水质生物调控、提高渔业生产潜力、增加经济效益提供基础资料,也为金湖鲢、鳙资源合理利用及生态环境修复提供重要参考依据。In order to provide basic data for biological control of water quality,to improve of fishery potential and economic benefits,we characterized the fish community and measured growth rates of H.molitrix and A.nobilis in Jinhu Reservoir.Making use of mixed gill nets,a systematic fishery investigation was conducted in Janurary,April,July,and October of 2022,respectively.A total of 32 fish species were collected,belonging to 26 genera,8 families and 3 orders.Cypriniformes was the largest order,which accounted for 75.0%.The ecological type analysis revealed that the community was dominated by carnivorous and omnivorous fish.Four dominant fish species were identified based on the index of relative importance,which were H.molitrix,A.nobilis,Xenocypris microlepis and Culter dabryi dabryi.The growth equation of body length and body mass for H.molitrix,they were L_(t)=74.52×[1-e^(-0.26(t+0.35))];W t=6925.48×[1-e^(-0.26(t+0.35))]2.9069,respectively,and for A.nobilis were L_(t)=68.35×[1-e^(-0.19(t+0.82))];W t=5669.32×[1-e^(-0.19(t+0.82))]2.9730,respectively.The highest body mass growth rate for H.molitrix occurred during the age of 1-4,and then decreased gradually,with the growth inflexion points at the age of 3.75.And infection point for A.nobilis was 4.91.As a result,the most appropriate catching age were 4-year-old for H.molitrix and 5-year-old for A.nobilis in order to get the best effect on algal bloom control and economic benefit.The results provided important scientific evidence for rational utilization of H.molitrix and A.nobilis resources and ecological environment restoration in Jinhu Reservoir of Taining,Fujian Province,China.

关 键 词：金湖 鱼类群落结构 鲢 鳙 生长模型 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]