6个紫花苜蓿品种种子萌发和生长对干旱胁迫的响应  

Responses of Seed Germination and Growth of Six Alfalfa Cultivars to Drought Stress

作　　者：马凤江[1] 杨姝[1] 李丽娜[1] 陈小杏 潘晶 孙晓丹 MA Feng-jiang;YANG Shu;LI Li-na(Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]义县林业发展服务中心,辽宁锦州121100 [4]喀左县林业种苗技术服务中心,辽宁朝阳122300

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第18期37-41,45,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省科技民生项目(2021JH2/10200032)。

摘　　要：以6个北方常用的紫花苜蓿品种为试材,在模拟旱棚中采用盆栽方式,分别设定干旱处理和定期灌溉2种方式,研究干旱胁迫对不同紫花苜蓿萌发和生长的影响,以期为抗旱新品种选育及生产经济灌溉提供参考依据。结果表明,紫花苜蓿种子的发芽率随着干旱程度的增加呈下降趋势;干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿形态特征里的株高、分枝数、叶面积、主根长度、根体积均表现下降趋势;叶绿素短期干旱胁迫内是上升的,叶片水势下降,而脯氨酸含量上升;根系生物量和地上部分生物量下降,根冠比增加;相对含水量上升。综合评价显示,6个苜蓿品种抗旱性能力由强到弱依次为敖汉、巨人201Z、皇后、三得利、新疆大叶、费纳尔。综上所述,敖汉和巨人201Z适合在干旱地区下种植,综合考虑经济指标和干旱条件,在风沙半干旱地区选择中等抗旱品种。Taking six commonly used alfalfa varieties in northern China as test materials,by potting in a simulated dry shed,two methods of drought treatment and regular irrigation were set to study the effects of drought stress on the germination and growth of different alfalfa,which provided references for breeding of new drought-resistant varieties and economic irrigation for production.The results showed that the germination rate of alfalfa seeds decreased with the increase of the degree of drought;the plant height,number of branches,leaf area,main root length and root volume in the morphological characteristics of alfalfa under drought stress all showed a downward trend;chlorophyll short-term drought stress increased,leaf water potential decreased,and proline content increased;root biomass and aerial biomass decreased,root-shoot ratio increased;relative water content increased.Comprehensive evaluation showed that the drought resistance of the 6 alfalfa varieties from high to low were in the order of Aohan,Giant 201Z,Queen,Suntory,Xinjiang Daye and Feiner.In general,Aohan and Giant 201Z were suitable for planting in arid areas.Considering economic indicators and drought conditions,we could choose medium drought-resistant varieties in sandy and semi-arid areas.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 干旱胁迫 农艺性状 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]