砀山酥梨炭疽病防治药剂的筛选与田间药效试验  

Fungicide Screening and Field Efficacy Test of Controlling ‘Dangshan Su’ Pear Anthracnose

作　　者：周贝贝 高正辉[2,3,4] 杨雪 石旺鹏 齐永杰 马娜[2,3,4] 阚丽平 汪文举 徐义流 ZHOU Bei-bei;GAO Zheng-hui;YANG Xue(College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Institute of Horticulture,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230001;Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-physiology of Anhui Province,Hefei,Anhui 230001;Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Hefei,Anhui 230001;Institute of Plant Protection and Agricultural Product Quality and Safety,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230001)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京100193 [2]安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所,安徽合肥230001 [3]园艺作物种质创制及生理生态安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230001 [4]农业农村部园艺作物种质创制与利用重点实验室(部省共建),安徽合肥230001 [5]安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第18期143-148,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部园艺作物种质创制与利用重点实验室(部省共建)(2022年8月24日);园艺作物种质创制及生理生态安徽省重点实验室;国家梨产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-28);安徽省财政农业科技成果转化项目“新优特色果树新品种新技术转化(皖农科函[2022]118号)”;安徽省农业科学院人才项目(LJRC-202108,QNYC-202112);安徽省农业科学院平台项目(2023YL015)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选出防治梨炭疽病的有效杀菌剂,在此基础上测试不同药剂组合的田间药效和对果实品质的影响。[方法]通过室内抑菌试验,测定市售的24种常规杀菌剂对果生炭疽菌(Colletotrichum fructicola)的毒力,选取效果好的进一步测定其田间防效;设计6个药剂组合在安徽省砀山县对砀山酥梨炭疽病进行田间药效试验。[结果]药剂初筛选中发现,保护效果以百菌清较好,治疗效果以苯甲嘧菌酯较好,且田间施药时间越早,保护和治疗效果越显著。田间组合试验表明,66%二氰蒽醌和325 g/L苯甲嘧菌酯的药剂组合防效最佳,且果点显著小于清水对照,采后常温贮藏的防效也最佳。[结论]筛选出防治梨炭疽病的有效药剂,在安徽砀山地区交替使用66%二氰蒽醌和325 g/L苯甲嘧菌酯能有效控制梨炭疽病。[Objective]To screen out effective fungicides to control pear anthracnose,and test the field efficacy of different combinations of fungicides and their effects on fruit quality.[Method]The indoor toxicity of 24 conventional fungicides sold on the market to Colletotrichum fructicola was determined through the bacteriostatic test in the petri dish,and the field control effect of the selected fungicides with good effect was further determined;six fungicide combinations were designed to conduct field efficacy tests on anthracnose of‘Dangshan Su’pear in Dangshan County,Anhui Province.[Result]In the preliminary screening of the fungicides,chlorothalonil was found to be the best protective effect,and Difenoconazole+Azoxystrobin was the best therapeutic effect.And the earlier the spraying time in the field,the higher the control effect of the fungicides.The field combination test showed that the combination of 66%Dithianon and 325 g/L Difenoconazole+Azoxystrobin had the best control effect,and the fruit point was significantly smaller than the water control,and the control effect of postharvest storage at room temperature was also the best.[Conclusion]The effective fungicides to control pear anthracnose were screened out.The alternate use of 66%Dithianon and 325 g/L Difenoconazole+Azoxystrobin in Dangshan area of Anhui Province can effectively control pear anthracnose.

关 键 词：砀山酥梨 炭疽病 药剂筛选 田间防效 

分 类 号：S436.612[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]