种芋大小对德宏成龄胶园林下珠芽魔芋生理特性及产量的影响  

The Effect of Corms Size on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Amorphophallus bulbifer under the Mature Rubber Plantation in Dehong

作　　者：侍勋 孟纯兰 普思维 殷山山[1] 钏相仙[1] 张天谣 李洪坤[1] SHI Xun;MENG Chunlan;PU Siwei;YIN Shanshan;CHUAN Xiangxian;ZHANG Tianyao;LI Hongkun(Dehong Tropical Agriculture Institute of Yunnan,Ruili 678600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所,云南瑞丽678600

出　　处：《热带农业科技》2023年第4期44-49,共6页Tropical Agricultural Science & Technology

基　　金：国家天然橡胶产业技术体系德宏综合试验站(CARS—33—YN2);德宏所热带作物科技创新专项资金(DTARI-2022-01)。

摘　　要：为选出德宏地区成龄胶园林下种植珠芽魔芋的最适大小种芋,对不同大小梯度的种芋在生长过程中的形态指标、生理指标及产量进行测定及分析。结果表明:珠芽魔芋地上部分长势与种芋大小存在正相关性,种芋大小在200~250 g的株高、叶盘直径、叶柄直径、顶裂叶长、顶裂叶宽的测定值均为最大;产量随种芋大小增大而提高,种芋大小>100 g对产量的影响有明显差异,种芋大小为50~100 g的单株产量与叶盘直径呈显著正相关;珠芽魔芋叶片合成和叶绿素积累与种芋大小无明显关系;种芋大小在200~250 g的可溶性蛋白含量显著低于其他处理,生理活性最低。在德宏州成林橡胶林下种植珠芽魔芋推荐使用150~200 g大小的种芋,在节约成本的同时可显著提高产量和生长势。Experiment of Amorphophallus bulbifer was conducted to measure the morphological index,physiological index and yield for optimum size planted in the mature rubber garden in Dehong region.There was a positive correlation between the corm size and the part of the Amorphophallus bulbifer aboveground.The maximum would be obtained in the diameter of the petiole,the length of the leaf,and the width of the top cracking leaves when the size ranged in 200 g~250 g.The larger the size of the corm,the higher the yield would be.It has great influence on yield when the size of corm is over 100 g.There was a significantly positive correlation between diameter of the leaf disc and yield per tree at 50~100 g.There is no obvious relationship between leaf synthesis and accumulation of chlorophyll.The content of soluble protein at 200~250 g was significantly lower than the other three gradients with low physiological activity.Studies showed that Amorphophallus bulbifer at size of 150~200 g can be recommended to be planted under the mature rubber plantation in Dehong,cost and high yield.

关 键 词：珠芽魔芋 橡胶林 种芋 产量 植物形态 生理特性 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S632.3[农业科学—林学]