基于EW-SE-DEA模型的铁路货场运营效能评价  

Evaluation of operation efficiency and capacity of railway freight yards based on entropy weight and super efficiency data envelopment analysis

作　　者：李建国 王智琦 向万里[2] 朱亮 LI Jianguo;WANG Zhiqi;XIANG Wanli;ZHU Liang(Freight Department,China Railway Lanzhou Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Traffic and Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司货运部,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州交通大学交通运输学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第9期3310-3319,共10页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62262037);中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(LZJKY2022060-2);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2020X015)。

摘　　要：根据铁路货场运营效能评价结果,优化铁路货场资源配置,提升铁路货场运营能力和运营效率。以L铁路局所属60个铁路货场为研究对象,建立熵权‒超效率数据包络分析模型(EW‒SE‒DEA),评价铁路货场运营能力和运营效率。首先,构建定量化的货场投入产出指标体系;其次,借助熵权法(EW)定量评价铁路货场运营能力,以及采用超效率数据包络分析模型(SE‒DEA)评价铁路货场运营绩效;最后,对L铁路局货场进行综合评价,将铁路货场划分为低效高能、高效低能、高效高能和低效低能4种类型,同时结合投入冗余和产出不足分析铁路货场实际运营问题,提出针对性的经营管理策略和建议。研究发现,EW‒SE‒DEA模型可以摆脱定性评价的人为因素影响,有效识别货场能力和货场绩效。L铁路局货场效率和能力匹配度不高,存在的低效低能货场共占比91.7%,而高效高能货场仅有5个,占比8.3%,表明资源配置欠优化。根据铁路货场效能评价结果,结合SE‒DEA模型获得铁路货场的投入冗余和产出不足信息,针对性提出投入改善对策。采用EW‒SE‒DEA模型评价铁路货场,可以有效识别货场的效率、能力高低和匹配情况,了解铁路货场运营的真实情况和存在的问题,为铁路货场实际运营改善提供辅助决策。According to the evaluation results of the operation efficiency and capacity of the railway freight yards,some measures were presented to improve resources allocation,operation capacity and efficiency of the railway freight yards.To evaluate the operation capacity and efficiency of railway freight yards,entropy weight method and super efficiency data envelopment analysis were used to construct an integrated model(EW‒SE‒DEA for short).During the process of evaluation,60 railway freight yards belonging to L Railway Bureau were chosen as research samples.Firstly,quantified input-output index system was built to better evaluate rail freight yards.Secondly,super efficiency data envelopment analysis(SE−DEA)was used to evaluate the operation efficiency of railway freight yards.Meanwhile,entropy weight(EW)was utilized to quantitatively evaluate the operating capacity of railway freight yards.Finally,a thorough evaluation was conducted about 60 railway freight yards.Afterwards,the railway freight yards can be grouped into four categories,i.e.,low efficiency and high capacity,high efficiency and low capacity,high efficiency and high capacity,together with low efficiency and low capacity.Subsequently,actual operation problems of railway freight yards were analyzed according to input redundancy and output insufficiency.Thereafter,the corresponding management strategies and suggestions were proposed.The related results are drawn.The EW−SE−DEA model can effectively identify the capacity and efficiency of railway freight yards and get rid of the influence of human factors of qualitative evaluations.The matching degree of efficiency and capacity of railway freight yards is not high in Bureau L.When considering freight yards of low efficiency and low capacity,the ratio is 91.7%.However,it is noted that there are only 5 freight yards of high efficiency and high capacity,which accounts for 8.3%.That is to say,resource allocation of freight yards is to be optimized in future.The input redundancy and output deficiency infor

关 键 词：铁路货场 绩效评价 投入产出 熵权法 超效率DEA 

分 类 号：F532.1[经济管理—产业经济]