基于涡度相关法的会同杉木林蒸散特征及与彭曼联合法对比  

Characteristics of evapotranspiration from Chinese fir plantation in Huitong based on eddy covariance method and a comparison with Penman-Monteith method

作　　者：胡宇科 赵仲辉[1] 项文化[1] HU Yuke;ZHAO Zhonghui;XIANG Wenhua(College Life Science and Technology of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Huitong,Hunan Province,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,长沙410004

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第9期2266-2275,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：湖南省林业科技创新计划项目(XLKPT201712);国家林业和草原局林业科技创新平台运行补助项目(2019132159)资助。

摘　　要：为了准确评估杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林蒸散特征及探讨彭曼联合法(Penman-Monteith method,PM)估算其蒸散的可能性,本研究利用湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站2016—2019年的气象梯度及通量数据,应用涡度相关法(EC)测得的潜热通量数据分析了杉木林蒸散量(ET)随时间变化趋势,并与PM估算的ET进行了对比。结果表明:杉木林ET呈单波型日、年变化,在一天中,最大值出现在午后12:30—13:00,最小值出现在凌晨的0:00—2:30;在一年中,ET最大值出现在7—8月,最小值出现在12—2月;ET随净辐射、气温、饱和水汽压差的增大而增大,随土壤含水量的增大而减小,且影响杉木林ET的主要气象因子为净辐射、气温及饱和水汽压差;PM与EC得到的ET在春、秋季比较一致,但在夏、冬季差异显著;PM和EC所得ET的差值与净辐射、气温及饱和水汽压差呈极显著线性正相关,与土壤水分含量则为极显著线性负相关。研究结果为探讨杉木林水文过程及利用PM估算ET的可行性提供了理论支持。The objective of this study was to accurately evaluate the evapotranspiration characteristics of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantation and to explore the possibility of estimating the evapotranspiration by Penman-Monteith method(PM).Based on the observation data of meteorological gradient and flux from the National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Huitong,Hunan Province from 2016 to 2019,we used the eddy covariance method(EC)to analyze the temporal variation of evapotranspiration(ET)in a Chinese fir plantation,and compared the ET obtained with PM.The results showed that the ET showed single-wave diurnal and annual variations.During the day,the maximum ET value appeared at 12:30-13:00,and the minimum value appeared at 0:00-2:30.In the year,the maximum value of ET appeared in July-August,and the minimum value appeared in December-February.The ET increased with increasing net radiation(Rn),air temperature(Ta),and vapor pressure deficit(VPD),while decreased with increasing soil water content(SWC).The main meteorological factors affecting the ET were Rn,Ta,and VPD.The ET obtained by PM and EC were consistent in spring and autumn,but significantly different in summer and winter.The difference of ET obtained by PM and EC showed linear and positive correlations with Rn,Ta,and VPD,but a negative correlation with SWC.The results provided theoretical support for exploring the hydrological process of Chinese fir plantation and the feasibility of estimating its ET by PM.

关 键 词：杉木人工林 蒸散量 时间变化 彭曼联合法 气象因子 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]