税收激励、薪酬成本与企业创新——基于薪酬抵税改革的准自然实验  

Tax Incentives,Salary Cost and Firm Innovation:A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Salary Tax Deduction Policy Reform

作　　者：胡洪曙[1] 梅思雨 HU Hong-shu;MEI Si-yu

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学财政税务学院 [2]厦门大学经济学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2023年第9期58-71,共14页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(22YJA790064)——税收征管能力对企业间税负不平等的影响研究:理论模型与实证分析。

摘　　要：基于A股上市公司数据和中国薪酬抵税改革政策,探究了薪酬税收成本对企业创新的影响,结果显示:降低薪酬税收成本增加了企业的发明专利申请量,因此促进了实质性创新。异质性分析发现,上述效应主要存在于非国有企业与高科技企业,且随着生命周期阶段变化呈现倒U形特征。在影响机制方面,薪酬抵税一方面降低了企业雇佣成本,促使企业雇佣更多研发人员,另一方面减少了企业内部薪酬差距,提高了研发人员的创新积极性。因此,应优化工资薪金的税前扣除标准,强化减税政策的精准性与针对性,进一步完善减税降费措施。Based on the data of A-share listed companies and China's salary tax reform policy,this paper explores the impact of salary tax cost on firm innovation.The result shows that the reduction of salary tax cost,increases the number of invention patent applications of enterprises,thus promoting substantive innovation.Based on the heterogeneity analysis,we find that the innovation incentive mainly exists in non-state-owned enterprises and high-tech enterprises,and with the change of life cycle stages,the innovation incentive effect presents an inverted U-type shape.As for the mechanism,on the one hand,the tax reduction of this policy reduces the employment cost of enterprises and encourages enterprises to hire more RD researchers.On the other hand,it reduces the internal salary gap of enterprises and improves the innovation enthusiasm of RD personnel.Therefore,we should optimize the pre-tax deduction standard of wages and salaries,strengthen the accuracy and pertinence of tax reduction policies,and further improve tax reduction and fee reduction measures.

关 键 词：薪酬抵税改革 税收激励 薪酬税收成本 企业创新 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学]