产卵次数和寄主幼虫龄期对草地贪夜蛾寄生蜂螟蛉盘绒茧蜂生物学特性的影响  

Effects of oviposition times and host larval instars on the biological characters of Cotesia ruficrus(Hymenoptera:Braconidae),an indigenous parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

作　　者：何朋阳 李贤 刘同先 张世泽[1] HE Peng-Yang;LI Xian;LIU Tong-Xian;ZHANG Shi-Ze(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室,农业农村部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵阳550025

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第8期1095-1104,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021NY-038);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201006)。

摘　　要：【目的】评价本地寄生性天敌昆虫螟蛉盘绒茧蜂Cotesia ruficrus对重大入侵农业害虫草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda幼虫的寄生潜能。【方法】采用选择性试验研究螟蛉盘绒茧蜂羽化后24 h已交配雌成蜂对草地贪夜蛾1-3龄幼虫的寄生偏好性;采用非选择性试验研究螟蛉盘绒茧蜂羽化后24 h已交配雌成蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾1,2或3龄幼虫后子代蜂的发育历期、出茧数、羽化率、性比(雌性占比)、成蜂寿命及个体大小;通过直接观察法确定羽化后24 h已交配螟蛉盘绒茧蜂雌成蜂对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的产卵次数,测定不同产卵次数对螟蛉盘绒茧蜂子代的发育历期、出茧数、羽化率、性比、成蜂寿命和个体大小的影响;采用小叶碟法测定羽化后24 h已交配的螟蛉盘绒茧蜂雌成蜂对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的寄生功能反应。【结果】羽化后24 h已交配的螟蛉盘绒茧蜂雌成蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾1-3龄幼虫时,寄生率为34%~54%,卵-幼虫历期为8.7~9.9 d,蛹历期为3.9~4.1 d,每头寄主出茧数为19.7~41.2粒,羽化率为84.4%~92.0%,雌性占比为31.5%~38.8%;子代雌成蜂的个体均大于雄成蜂的;寄生草地贪夜蛾1或3龄幼虫时子代雌成蜂的寿命明显长于雄成蜂的。螟蛉盘绒茧蜂羽化后24 h已交配雌成蜂在草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫上的产卵次数对子代蜂生物学特性影响显著。随产卵次数增加螟蛉盘绒茧蜂子代雄成蜂寿命缩短,个体变小;与羽化后24 h已交配的螟蛉盘绒茧蜂雌成蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫1次的相比,寄生3次后,螟蛉盘绒茧蜂子代蜂卵-幼虫历期显著延长了0.7 d,蛹历期缩短了0.4 d,每头寄主出茧数显著增加了25粒,雌性占比显著降低了58.8%。螟蛉盘绒茧蜂羽化后24 h已交配雌成蜂对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的寄生功能反应为HollingⅡ型,日最大寄生量为17.5头,瞬时攻击率为0.043,平均处理时间为1.368。【结论】本研究首次评价了螟蛉盘绒�【Aim】To evaluate the parasitism potential of Cotesia ruficrus,an indigenous parasitic natural enemy,against the larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda,a major invasive agricultural pest.【Methods】The parasitism preference of the mated 24 h-old female adults of C.ruficrus to the 1st-3rd instar larvae of S.frugiperda was performed by selection test.The developmental duration,numbers of cocoons,eclosion rates,sex ratios(proportions of females),adult longevity and adult size of the offspring of C.ruficrus were determined when its mated 24 h-old female adults parasitized the 1st,2nd or 3rd instar larvae of S.frugiperda,respectively,by non-selection test.The oviposition times of the mated 24 h-old female adults of C.ruficrus on the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda were determined by the direct observation method,and then the effects of different oviposition times on the developmental duration,number of cocoons,eclosion rate,sex ratio,adult longevity and adult size of the offspring of C.ruficrus were measured.The parasitic functional response of the mated 24 h-old female adults of C.ruficrus to the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda was determined with small-leaf dish method.【Results】When the mated 24 h-old female adults of C.ruficrus parasitized the 1st-3rd instar larvae of S.frugiperda,the parasitism rates,egg-larval duration,pupal duration,numbers of cocoons per host,eclosion rates,and proportions of females of C.ruficrus were 34%-54%,8.7-9.9 d,3.9-4.1 d,19.7-41.2 cocoons,84.4%-92.0%and 31.5%-38.8%,respectively,and the female adult size of the offspring was larger than the males.The female adult longevity of the offspring of C.ruficrus was significantly longer than that of the males when the 1st or 3rd instar larvae of S.frugiperda were parasitized.The oviposition times of the mated 24 h-old female adults of C.ruficrus on the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda had a significant effect on the biological characters of the offspring of C.ruficrus.With the increase of the oviposition times,the male adult longevity of

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 螟蛉盘绒茧蜂 寄主幼虫龄期 产卵次数 生物防治 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]