飞矛对空间运载火箭残骸的锚固捕获特性研究  

Anchorage and Capture Characteristics of Space Harpoon for Abandoned Launch Vehicle

作　　者：白玉帅 赵耘晨 岳帅 李朝振 吴越[1] 王鹏飞 BAI Yu-shuai;ZHAO Yun-chen;YUE Shuai;LI Chao-zhen;WU Yue;WANG Peng-fei(Academy of Opto-Electronic,China Electronic Technology Group Corporation(AOE CETC),Tianjin 300308,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,NUST,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司光电研究院,天津300308 [2]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第26期11452-11458,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52102436);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(30920021109);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20200496);中国博士后科学基金(2020M681615)。

摘　　要：随着在轨废弃航天器的不断增多,飞矛捕获成为一种清除大型空间碎片的新式方法。首先通过分析典型废弃航天器的特征属性,选定了运载火箭末子级作为飞矛捕获的在轨演示目标。接着提出了一种一体式多层级倒刺结构的飞矛,通过飞矛撞击末子级靶板的有限元动力学仿真,研究了不同初速下飞矛的锚固效果。最后为模拟空间捕获场景,赋予了捕获目标不同的自旋速度,研究了飞矛对运动末子集靶板的锚固特性。结果表明飞矛的撞击固定末子级靶板的最佳锚固初速为70 m/s,并且在此速度下运动状态下的末子级靶板仍可被飞矛锚固捕获。可见飞矛在空间中捕获运载火箭残骸的方案是可行的,并且揭示出飞矛捕获方式对目标运动状态的不敏感性。As the quantity of space debris orbiting Earth to increases,the space harpoon has emerged as a promising solution for the removal of large space debris.By examining the characteristic properties of typically abandoned spacecraft,researchers have identified the final stage of a launch vehicle as an appropriate demonstration target for capture.To achieve this,a space harpoon with an integrated multi-level barbed structure was proposed and finite element dynamic simulations were conducted to study the anchoring effect of the space harpoon at different speeds.Subsequently,to simulate real-life conditions,the targets varying spin speeds were subjected and the harpoon s ability to anchor a moving target plate were analyzed.The results indicate that the optimal initial velocity for the space harpoon to effectively anchor the target plate is 70 m/s,and moving targets can still be captured at this speed.Consequently,it can be conclude that using space harpoons to capture abandoned launch vehicles in orbit is feasible,and that the space harpoon capture method demonstrates low sensitivity to moving targets.

关 键 词：飞矛 锚固特性 末子级 空间捕获 有限元动力学仿真 

分 类 号：V476.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]