温汤浸种防治苗期水稻恶苗病的效果及对生长的影响  

Effects of Seed Soaking on the Prevention ofRice Malignant Seedling Disease and Growth of Seedling

作　　者：杨静 林瑞鹏 王英秀 王昭君 董德隆 孔祥清[1] YANG Jing;LIN Ruipeng;WANG Yingxiu;WANG Zhaojun;DONG Delong;KONG Xiangqing(Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Crop-Pest Interaction Biology and Ecological Control,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学黑龙江省作物-有害生物互作生物学及生态防控重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《植物医学》2023年第4期18-27,共10页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划(GA19B104).

摘　　要：近年来水稻恶苗病发生严重,药剂拌种对恶苗病防效却逐年下降,寻找更安全、更环保、减少农药使用的物理防治方法愈发重要.本研究以“龙粳31”为试验对象,采用温汤浸种方法处理水稻种子,设置不同浸种温度、浸种时间及包衣消毒进行种子萌发,并对秧苗素质及恶苗病的防治效果进行测定.研究结果表明,不同温汤浸种温度和浸种时间对其种子萌发、根芽生长和秧苗素质的影响不同.温汤处理影响破胸率、发芽势和发芽率的临界温度、时间分别为59℃、10 min和60℃、10 min;当温汤处理温度63℃、时间10 min和温度60℃、处理时间18 min对地下干重促进最大;处理温度59℃、时间10 min和温度60℃、处理时间10 min及以上条件下,抑制恶苗病效果达到99.9%以上,其消毒效果均优于包衣种子或与其防效相同.本研究探明了温汤浸种与水稻恶苗病、种子萌发、秧苗素质的关系,为温汤浸种技术的推广应用提供了理论依据.In recent years,rice seedling disease has become a serious issue,and the effectiveness of seed dressing in preventing rice seedling disease has been decreasing year by year.Therefore,it is increasingly important to find physical control methods that are more safe,environmentally friendly,and reduce the use of pesticides.This article explores the method of use lukewarm water treating the rice seeds.‘Longjing 31’rice seeds were used as the test subject.Different seed soaking temperatures,soaking times,and the coating disinfection were evaluated for their effects on seed germination,seedling growth and quality,and the prevention and control of bakanae disease.The results indicate that different soaking temperature and time had varying effects on seed germination,growth,and seedling quality.The critical temperature and time for achieving optimal blanching effects,germination potential,and germination rate were 59℃for 10 minutes and 60℃for 10 minutes,respectively.Soaking at 63℃for 10 minutes and at 60℃for 18 minutes resulted in the maximum promotion of the dry weight of underground part of plant.Treating the seeds at temperature of 59℃for 10 minutes and 60℃for 10 minutes,along with the above-mentioned conditions,achieved an inhibition effect on bakanae disease of more than 99.9%,which was better or same as the effect of seeds dressing.This study establishes the relationship between lukewarm water seed soaking and rice bakanae disease,seed germination,and seedling quality,providing a theoretical basis for the application of lukewarm water seed soaking technology.

关 键 词：水稻 温汤浸种 种子萌发 秧苗素质 水稻恶苗病 

分 类 号：S435.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]