核桃木代替传统菌材对天麻产量的影响  

The Yield of Gastrodia elata with Walnut WoodCompared to Traditional Substrates

作　　者：王丽 田茂娟 张念念 吴跃开 邱建生 WANG Li;TIAN Maojuan;ZHANG Niannian;WU Yuekai;QIU Jiansheng(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳550005

出　　处：《植物医学》2023年第4期77-84,共8页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“贵州林下经济研究创新能力建设”(黔科合服企〔2020〕4010).

摘　　要：本研究采用随机区组试验设计,以经济树种核桃木为菌材,壳斗科菌材栗木和青冈为对照,分别设置5种不同菌材组合,在贵州省赫章县进行仿野生栽培红杆天麻和乌杆天麻,分析不同菌材对天麻产量的影响,以探讨核桃代替壳斗科植物栽培天麻的可行性.结果表明,以核桃木和传统菌材混合栽培天麻,蜜环菌菌丝生长速度较快,菌丝粗壮,覆盖度高.不同菌材对红杆天麻和乌杆天麻产量的影响有明显差异.两种天麻变型对菌材的偏好不同,乌杆天麻在核桃木与传统菌材混合栽培下有较高产量,而红杆天麻在青冈木菌材栽培下产量较高.利用核桃木与传统菌材混合栽培天麻,在一定程度上能提高天麻的产量和菌材的生物转化率.因此,在实际生产中,以核桃木作为菌材栽培天麻是可行的.To evaluate the feasibility of cultivation of Gastrodia elata Bl.with walnut wood as an alternative to traditional materials,the field cultivation of Gastrodia elata Bl.with walnut wood and traditional cultivation substrates was carried out in Hezhang in Guizhou Province.The results showed that the mycelium of Armillariella mellea in mixed substrate of walnut with traditional materials developed faster with thicker and stronger mycelium and higher coverage.There were differences in the effects of different materials on the yield of Gastrodia elata Bl.f.elat and Gastrodia elata Bl.f.glauca S.Chow.The two types of Gastrodia elata have different preferences for substrates.The yield of Gastrodia elata Bl.f.glauca was higher than Gastrodia elata Bl.f.elata by culture with mixed substrates of walnut with tradition materials.The use of walnut combined with traditional substrates can improve the yield of Gastrodia elata Bl and increase the bioconversion rate of the substrates under certain conditions.Results of this study showed that walnut materials could be used for the cultivation of Gastrodia elata as an alternative to traditional substrates.

关 键 词：天麻 核桃木菌材 传统菌材 生物转化率 产量 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]