径流变异对滹沱河流域水库生态调度的影响  

Impacts of runoff change on ecological operation of reservoirs in the Hutuo River Basin

作　　者：冯平[1] 白粟 张婷[1] 李建柱[1] FENG Ping;BAI Su;ZHANG Ting;LI Jianzhu(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《水资源保护》2023年第5期99-108,共10页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079086)。

摘　　要：分析了滹沱河中上游径流变异情况并计算了河道生态流量,通过构建岗南黄壁庄梯级水库供水及生态多目标优化调度模型,并采用NSGAⅡ求解多种情景方案,探求入库径流变异对水库生态调度的影响。研究结果表明:小觉站和平山站径流分别在1983年和1979年发生变异,流域径流整体呈显著下降趋势;利用频率众值法、Tennant法和年内展布法计算的河道理想、适宜及最小生态流量对应的年生态需水量分别为9.85亿、5.85亿、3.23亿m^(3);农业灌溉及生态需水缺水率随来水频率的增大而显著增大;入库径流下降趋势显著且发生变异,致使变异后不同水平年水库调度的供水保证率均有所降低;农业灌溉需水和生态需水矛盾显著,枯水年农业灌溉供水率降低4%可提高12%的生态供水率。The runoff change in the middle and upper reaches of the Hutuo River was analyzed,and ecological flow of the river was calculated.A multi-objective optimization model for water supply and ecological operation of Gangnan-Huangbizhuang cascade reservoirs was established,and NSGA-II was used to solve different schemes in various scenarios.The results showed that the runoff of Xiaojue and Pingshan stations had a significant decreasing trend,and changed abruptly in 1983 and 1979,respectively;annual ecological water demands corresponding to the optimal,suitable,and minimum ecological flows of the river,calculated with the optimal distribution function for each month,Tennant method,and dynamic calculation method,were 985 million,585 million,and 323 million m 3,respectively.Reservoir operation results also showed that the water shortage rate of agricultural irrigation and ecological water demands increased significantly with the increase of the inflow frequency,and the water supply guarantee rate under reservoir operation in different level years decreased due to the significant decrease and sudden change of water inflow.In addition,there is a significant contradiction between irrigation water demand and ecological guarantee,and reducing the rate of water supply for irrigation by 4%may increase the ecological water supply rate by 12%in dry years.

关 键 词：径流变异 生态流量 梯级水库 多目标优化调度 滹沱河流域 

分 类 号：TV697.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]