大气中部分新污染物浓度特征、来源解析及健康风险评估  

Mass Concentrations,Source Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Some Emerging Air Pollutants

作　　者：孙鹏 钟声[1] 徐政 秦艳红[1] 郁建桥[1] SUN Peng;ZHONG Sheng;XU Zheng;QIN Yanhong;YU Jianqiao(Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境监测中心,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《环境监控与预警》2023年第5期156-162,共7页Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning

基　　金：江苏省生态环境监测科研基金(2324);国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(42105096);江苏省双创博士基金资助项目(JSSCBS20210033)。

摘　　要：基于电迁移率颗粒物粒径数分布仪(SMPS)、气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)、X荧光(XRF)方法,于2022—2023年在南京市开展了部分大气新污染物的在线监测,并利用美国国家环境保护局(US EPA)健康风险评价模型评估其健康风险,进一步结合正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型对污染物及其健康风险进行来源解析。结果表明,南京市大气中新污染物浓度与其他地区报道的可比,且在遭遇污染过程时显著升高,锰元素的升幅最大(116.3%)。各类新污染物的健康风险均在安全阈值之内。PMF共分解出大气新污染物的5类来源,其中,超细颗粒物(UFPs)主要来自交通源(49%)、光化学(23%)和工业源(28%);重金属主要来自工业源(74%),而挥发性有机物(VOCs)则由工业源(52%)、交通源(25%)和燃烧源(13%)贡献。南京市大气新污染物的非致癌风险由工业源主导,而致癌风险则分别来自交通源、轮船源和工业源。Based on SMPS,GC-MS and XRF methods,online observations of some emerging air pollutants were carrying out in Nanjing from^(2)022 to 2023 with their health risks assessed using the EPA model.PMF model was further conducted to quantify the sources of pollutants and the health risks.As a result,the concentrations of emerging air pollutants in Nanjing were comparable to those reported in other areas and increased significantly during the pollution processes with Mn increasing the most(116.3%).The health risks of these emerging pollutants are all within the safety limits.The 5 kinds of sources were decomposed by PMF model.The UFPs were mainly contributed by transportation(49%),photochemistry(23%)and industry(28%).Heavy metals are dominated by industry(74%),while VOCs are contributed by industry(52%),transportation(25%)and combustion(13%).The non-carcinogenic risk of emerging pollutants in Nanjing is dominated by industry,while the carcinogenic risk can be attributed by transportation,ship sources and industry,respectively.

关 键 词：大气新污染物 超细颗粒物 重金属 挥发性有机物 正定矩阵因子分解模型 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]