甜菜碱对高温胁迫下茄子幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effect of glycine betaine on physiological characteristics of eggplant seedlings under high temperature stress

作　　者：高晓萍 张婧 牛天航 刘阳 常有麟 刘思恬 颉建明 GAO Xiaoping;ZHANG Jing;NIU Tianhang;LIU Yang;CHANG Youlin;LIU Sitian;XIE Jianming(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第9期2097-2108,共12页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA821)。

摘　　要：为探究外源甜菜碱对茄子高温胁迫伤害的缓解作用,以茄子品种新娘为材料,幼苗四叶一心时叶面喷施0(CK)、20(T1)、40(T2)和60 mmol·L^(-1)(T3)甜菜碱,连续喷施3 d。在气候箱40℃高温胁迫48 h后,测定幼苗生物量积累、光合特性、卡尔文循环关键酶与抗氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明:喷施不同浓度的甜菜碱均可不同程度缓解高温胁迫下茄子幼苗的生长,其中以40 mmol·L^(-1)处理缓解的效果最为明显。与CK相比,T2处理幼苗株高、鲜重、根长、根表面积、根体积与根尖数均显著(P<0.05)提高,分别提高32.97%、34.17%、19.47%、16.55%、32.20%和25.29%;T2处理显著提高了叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量;同时,显著提高叶片净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))与蒸腾速率(T_(r)),分别提高51.26%、40.24%和49.86%,并显著提高果糖1,6二磷酸酶(FBPase)、果糖1,6二磷酸醛缩酶(FBA)、3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)与转酮醇酶(TK)等卡尔文循环相关酶活性,以及光系统Ⅱ的实际光化学效率。T2处理显著提高了叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和脯氨酸(Pro)含量,分别提高35.62%、109.65%、72.99%和58.13%,显著降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量。40 mmol·L^(-1)的甜菜碱能够减轻高温胁迫下茄子幼苗叶片叶绿素的降解,维持光合碳循环酶活性,促进光合作用,提高叶片抗氧化能力,减轻细胞膜伤害,进而促进高温胁迫下茄子幼苗的生长。To investigate the mitigating effect of exogenous glycine betaine on the injury of eggplant under high temperature stress,eggplant variety‘Bride’was used as the test material.Seedlings were foliar sprayed with 0(CK),20(T1),40(T2)and 60 mmol·L^(-1)(T3)glycine betaine at four leaves and one heart stage for 3 d.The changes in biomass accumulation,photosynthetic characteristics,Calvin cycle key enzymes activity and antioxidant enzymes activity were measured in a climatic chamber at 40℃after high temperature stress for 48 h.The results showed that the growth of eggplant seedlings under high temperature stress could be alleviated to different degrees by spraying different concentrations of glycine betaine,with the most obvious effect of 40 mmol·L^(-1)treatment.Compared with CK,the height,fresh weight,root length,root surface area,root volume and root tip number of T2 treated seedlings were significantly(P<0.05)increased by 32.97%,34.17%,19.47%,16.55%,32.20%and 25.29%,respectively;T2 treatment significantly increased chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content;meanwhile,it significantly increased leaf photosynthetic parameters net photosynthesis rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s))and transpiration rate(T_(r))by 51.26%,40.24%and 49.86%,respectively,and significantly increased the activities of Calvin cycle related enzymes activity such as fructose 1,6 diphosphatase(FBPase),fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase(FBA),3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase(GAPDH)and transketolase(TK),and the actual photochemical efficiency of photosystemⅡ.T2 treatment significantly increased leaf superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity and proline(Pro)content by 35.62%,109.65%,72.99%and 58.13%,respectively.Glycine betaine at 40 mmol·L^(-1)reduced the degradation of chlorophyll accumulation,maintained photosynthetic carbon cycle enzyme activity,promoted photosynthesis,improved leaf antioxidant enzymes activity,and reduced cell membrane injury,thus promoting the growth of eggpla

关 键 词：甜菜碱 茄子 高温胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]