生物絮凝剂及其复配工艺对超高浓度沼液处理的研究  

Study on the Treatment of Ultra-high Concentration Biogas Slurry by Biological Flocculant and Its Compound Process

作　　者：王建波[1] 申瑞延 田美春 王媛媛[2] 王海 艾平[2] 万小春 WANG Jianbo;SHEN Ruiyan;TIAN Chunmei;WANG Yuanyuan;WANG Hai;AI Ping;WANG Xiaochun(Hubei Water Conservancy and Hydropower Vocational and Technical College,Wunhan 430070,China;College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wunhan 430070,China;Zhijiang Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Yichang 443200,China;Rural Energy and Environment Agency,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北水利水电职业技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学工学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]宜昌市枝江市农业技术推广中心,湖北宜昌443200 [4]农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125

出　　处：《中国沼气》2023年第5期55-61,共7页China Biogas

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(ZRMS202200060)。

摘　　要：干发酵工艺是畜禽养殖场的主流工艺。然而,畜禽粪污经厌氧发酵产生的超高浓度的沼液具有有机物、悬浮固体和氮磷含量高的问题,难以处理。絮凝是沼液处理工艺中的常用技术,但是很多絮凝剂会导致二次污染,环境友好性较差。试验拟探究聚合氯化铝(PAC)、生物絮凝剂的单独使用以及PAC、氧化钙(CaO)与生物絮凝剂的复配对超高浓度鸡粪沼液的处理效果,进行参数优化,并探讨生物絮凝剂对化学絮凝剂的替代性。试验结果表明,当使用0.3 g·L^(-1)生物絮凝剂搭配1 g·L^(-1)的PAC使用时,沼液的综合絮凝效果最佳,COD、TS、TP、NH+4-N的去除率分别为55.70%、50.75%、47.35%、28.26%,表现出对超高浓度沼液的良好处理能力。生物絮凝剂的添加可以大幅降低PAC的使用量,而且表现出更高的COD去除率,对总磷的去除也比较明显,从处理效果来看生物絮凝剂在一定程度上具备替代PAC的潜力。生物絮凝剂与CaO的复配效果不如PAC,但是其絮体无二次污染,可以作为有机肥的制备原料。Dry fermentation process is the mainstream process in livestock and poultry farms.However,livestock and poultry manure after anaerobic fermentation,will produce ultra-high concentration of biogas slurry.This part of the biogas slurry has a high content of organic matter,suspended solid and nitrogen and phosphorus,which is difficult to deal with.,Flocculation is a common technology in biogas slurry treatment process,but many flocculants will lead to secondary pollution and poor environmental friendliness.The purpose of this experiment is to explore the treatment effect of polyaluminum chloride(PAC),biological flocculant and the combination of PAC,calcium oxide(CaO)and biological flocculant on ultra-high concentration chicken manure biogas liquid,optimize the parameters,and explore the substitution of biological flocculant to chemical flocculant.The experimental results show that when 0.3 g·L^(-1)bioflocculant is used with 1 g·L^(-1)PAC,the comprehensive flocculation effect of biogas slurry is the best,and the removal rates of COD,TS,TP and NH+4-N are 55.70%,50.75%,47.35%and 28.26%respectively,showing good treatment ability for ultra-high concentration biogas slurry.The addition of biological flocculant can greatly reduce the use of PAC,and show a higher removal rate of COD,and the removal of total phosphorus is also more obvious.from the treatment effect,biological flocculant has the potential to replace PAC to some extent.The compound effect of bioflocculant and CaO is not as good as that of PAC,but its flocs have no secondary pollution and can be used as raw materials for the preparation of organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：生物絮凝剂 聚合氯化铝 复配 沼液 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X513[农业科学—农业工程]