城市暴雨洪涝多尺度分层嵌套模拟技术  

A hierarchically nested multi-scale modeling technique for urban pluvial floods

作　　者：张红萍[1,2] 郝晓丽 胡昌伟 臧文斌[1,2] 任汉承 胡春宏[3] ZHANG Hongping;HAO Xiaoli;HU Changwei;ZANG Wenbin;REN Hancheng;HU Chunhong(Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Key Laboratory of Water Safety for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院防洪抗旱减灾研究中心,北京100038 [2]水利部京津冀水安全保障重点实验室,北京100038 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《水科学进展》2023年第4期510-519,共10页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2240203);中国水利水电科学研究院水旱灾害防御战略研究人才创新团队项目(JZ0145C012023)。

摘　　要：针对城市暴雨洪涝模拟存在的计算精度与计算时间及数据可获得性等方面的矛盾,基于城市暴雨产生洪涝过程的时空特性,提出一种城市暴雨洪涝多尺度分层嵌套模拟技术。在全分布式模型的精细网格基础上,叠加大尺度计算单元,上层大尺度计算单元用于非淹没区的降雨产汇流模拟,底层精细网格用于淹没区的洪涝淹没过程模拟,且2种尺度计算网格实现“分层嵌套,实时切换”。应用这种分层嵌套模拟技术,模拟程庄子铁路桥区2020年“8·12”暴雨积水过程,取得较好的效果。研究表明,多尺度分层嵌套模拟技术,在保障较好的模拟精度的同时,可以大幅节省计算时间,有望为大区域城市暴雨洪涝模拟应用提供一种有效的技术手段。Aiming at the conflict between the modeling accuracy and the computation time cost faced by existing urban pluvial flood models,a hierarchically nested multi-scale model technique is proposed according to the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban pluvial flooding.Based on a fully distributed model,the fine mesh of the surface model is nested with a larger scaled computation mesh named as the super mesh.The fine mesh is only used to simulate the surface flood where it happens,while the super mesh is used to simulate rainfall runoff where the surface flood doesn′t happen yet.The fine mesh and the super mesh switch each other automatically when it is necessary during the simulation.This hierarchically nested multi-scale modeling technique is applied to simulation on the flood event happening under Chengzhuangzi railway bridge in Beijing on August 12,2020.The case study shows that the proposed hierarchically nested multi-scale modeling technique can save plenty of computation time while assuring a comparable simulation result.This study will improve modeling application to large-scale urban pluvial floods.

关 键 词：城市暴雨洪涝 城市洪涝模型 全分布式模型 分层嵌套模型 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]