发达市场经济国家劳动关系三方协商机制的经验与启示  

Experience and Inspiration from the Tripartite Consultation Mechanism of Labor Relations in Developed Market Economies

作　　者：李杏果 Li Xingguo(School of Public Management,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing,100048)

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院公共管理学院,北京100048

出　　处：《山东工会论坛》2023年第5期43-54,共12页Shandong Trade Unions＇ Tribune

基　　金：北京市社科基金一般项目“北京市社会组织参与老龄社会治理的模式创新与政策保障”(项目编号:21ZGB002)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：市场经济国家社会对话的重要形式是三方协商机制。基于政府主导,我国三方协商机制在短时间内建立,但在实践中却存在运行机制不健全、协商范围窄、作用发挥不充分等问题,制约了对社会利益进行组织化调控的目标实现。发达市场经济国家的实践经验为我国完善三方协商机制提供了重要启示。我国需从全过程人民民主的视域认识三方协商机制的价值,扩展协商的议题范围;深化群团改革,增强工会和雇主组织的代表性;坚持综合性与专业化相结合原则,扩大参与协商的主体范围,完善三方协商机制的组织结构和运行机制;适应市场经济条件下政府改革的发展趋势,合理界定三方协商机制中政府的作用,保障实质性协商,充分发挥三方协商机制在协调社会利益、发展全过程人民民主、推动劳动领域治理现代化中的作用。The important form of social dialogue in market economies is the tripartite consultation mechanism.Based on government leadership,China's tripartite consultation mechanism has been established in a short period of time.However,in practice,there still exist some problems such as incomplete operating mechanism,narrow consultation scope and insufficient role,which restrict the achievement of the goal of organizing and regulating social interests.The experience of developed market economies has provided important insights for China to improve the tripartite consultation mechanism.China needs to understand the value of the tripartite consultation mechanism from the perspective of people's democracy throughout the entire process,expand the scope of consultation topics,deepen the reform of mass organizations,enhance the representativeness of trade unions and employers'organizations,adhere to the principle of combining comprehensiveness and specialization,expand the scope of participants in consultation,improve the organizational structure and operational mechanism of the tripartite consultation mechanism,reasonably define the role of the government in the tripartite consultation mechanism and ensure substantive consultation.All these measures can help fully leverage the role of the tripartite consultation mechanism in coordinating social interests,develop people's democracy throughout the entire process and promote modernization of labor governance in China.

关 键 词：发达市场经济国家 劳动关系 三方协商机制 国际经验 

分 类 号：F249.12[经济管理—劳动经济]