基于植物学性状分析蝴蝶豆种质遗传多样性  

Analysis of genetic diversity of Centrosema pubescens germplasm based on botanical traits

作　　者：王燕茹 袁秉琛 孙郁婷 李承臻 王志勇[3] 虞道耿[1] WANG Yanru;YUAN Bingchen;SUN Yuting;LI Chengzhen;WANG Zhiyong;YU Daogeng(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,Hainan,China;College of Tropical Crops Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan,China;College of Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口571101 [2]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228 [3]海南大学林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第9期2292-2308,共17页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：海南省农业农村厅农业种质资源保护项目“海南饲用豆科植物资源保护”(琼弄计财[2020]63号)。

摘　　要：对75份蝴蝶豆(Centrosemapubescens)种质的38个植物学性状进行观测,通过植物学性状的频率分布和变异性分析、性状间的相关性分析、聚类分析,得到蝴蝶豆种质遗传多样性特点并筛选优质材料。结果表明,38个植物学性状中旗瓣颜色(79.68%)、茎的毛况(46.03%)、叶背面毛况(42.18%),变异系数较大,表明其在遗传多样性中起着关键作用;对27个标准差不为0的蝴蝶豆植物学性状指标分析发现,多组性状间存在极显著相关关系(P<0.01),其中茎毛况、叶片腹毛况、叶的大小与自然高度呈极显著关系,说明自然高度是决定茎、叶性状的主要因素;聚类分析表明,在欧氏距离10处可将75份蝴蝶豆种质资源分为11类,第7类为叶片较大、叶片柔毛少、自然高度较高,其中050319012距瓣豆、CIAT25118草地蝴蝶豆、060301016蝴蝶豆表现最优。本研究表明蝴蝶豆种质遗传多样性丰富,并筛选出3份优质材料,为蝴蝶豆种质营养价值评价和筛选提供了参考。Centrosema pubescens(family Leguminosae,genus Centrosema)is a perennial herb.This study examined the genetic diversity characteristics of C.pubescens germplasm.Thirty-eight botanical characters were observed in 75 C.pubescens resources.Through the frequency distribution and variability analysis of botanical characters,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis,the genetic diversity characteristics of C.pubescens germplasm were obtained,and high-quality materials were screened.Among the 38 botanical traits,the flag petal color(79.68%),stem hair condition(46.03%),and leaf back hair condition(42.18%)had a large coefficient of variation,indicating that they played a key role in genetic diversity;the analysis of 27 botanical traits of C.pubescens with non-zero standard deviation revealed highly significant correlations(P<0.01)between the multiple groups of traits.Among these traits,stem hair condition,leaf belly hair condition,and leaf size showed a highly significant relationship with natural height,indicating that natural height was the main factor determining the stem and leaf traits.Seventy-five germplasm resources were divided into 11 categories.The 7th category had larger leaves,less pubescence,and higher natural height,among which Centrosema‘050319012’,Centrosema‘CIAT25118’,and Centrosema‘060301016’performed best.In this study,the genetic diversity of the germplasm was identified,and the genetic characteristics of C.pubescens were obtained.The findings provided a reference for the evaluation and screening of the nutritional value of C.pubescens germplasm.

关 键 词：蝴蝶豆 植物学性状 遗传多样性 变异分析 相关性分析 聚类分析 育种材料 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]