叶面喷施多效唑、矮壮素、缩节胺对燕麦抗倒伏性和种子产量的调节作用  

Effects of paclobutrazol,chlormequat chloride,and mepiquat chloride on lodging resistance and seed yield in oats

作　　者：耿小丽 武慧娟 付萍 周栋昌 刘乾 GENG Xiaoli;WU Huijuan;FU Ping;ZHOU Dongchang;LIU Qian(Grassland Technology Extension Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730010,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730010

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第9期2340-2347,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：兰州旱作区人工牧场建植技术研究及示范项目(2018-CR-61);甘肃燕麦种质资源评价及新品种选育项目(2019LCKJ45);甘肃省当家草品种示范推广项目(KJCX2021011);禾本科牧草复合菌肥应用与推广技术项目(KJCX2021010)。

摘　　要：为筛选燕麦(Avena sativa)种子生产适宜的生长调节剂,增强燕麦抗倒伏性,提高种子产量,设计不同水平多效唑[0.6 g·L^(−1)(P_(1))、0.9 g·L^(−1)(P_(2))和1.2 g·L^(−1)(P_(3))]、矮壮素[3.0 mL·L^(−1)(C_(1))、4.0 mL·L^(−1)(C_(2))和5.0 mL·L^(−1)(C_(3))]和缩节胺[3.0 mL·L^(−1)(M_(1))、3.5 mL·L^(−1)(M_(2))、4.0 mL·L^(−1)(M_(3))]处理,研究了各水平燕麦植株生长发育、抗倒伏性和种子产量及其相关性状的变化。结果表明:与不施对照(CK)相比,多效唑、矮壮素、缩节胺都可以降低燕麦植株高度,促进茎粗增长,其中效果最明显的M3处理株高较CK降低21.88%,M_(2)处理茎粗较CK增加22.67%;3种调节剂都可以使燕麦第2节间长度缩短,抗折力增加,M_(3)第2节间长度较CK缩短21.52%,抗折力较CK提高36.36%;3种调节剂都可以有效促进燕麦穗粒数,千粒重和种子产量的增加,缩节胺喷施效果最好,缩节胺3个水平M_(1)、M_(2)、M_(3)种子产量较CK增长4.63%、16.54%、21.00%。综合分析说明,本研究中缩节胺可以有效提高燕麦抗倒伏力,提高燕麦种子产量,缩节胺4.0 mL·L^(−1)(M_(3))在燕麦种子生产中效果最好。This study aimed to explore suitable growth regulators for seed production in oats,enhance lodging resistance,and improve seed yield.The experiment was designed with different levels of paclobutrazole[0.6 g·L^(−1)(P_(1)),0.9 g·L^(−1)(P_(2)),and 1.2 g·L^(−1)(P_(3))],chlormequat chloride[3.0mL·L^(−1)(C_(1))and 4.0mL·L^(−1)(C_(2)),and 5.0mL·L^(−1)(C_(3))],and mepiquat chloride[3.0mL·L^(−1)(M_(1)),3.5mL·L^(−1)(M_(2)),and 4.0mL·L^(−1)(M_(3))],and studied the growth and development,lodging resistance and seed yield at various levels.The results showed that paclobutrazol,clormequat chloride,and mepiquat chloride could reduce plant height and increase the stem diameter.The plant height for M_(3)was 21.88%lower than CK and the stem diameter of M_(2)was 22.67%higher than CK.All three modulators could shorten the length of the second internode of oats and increase the fracture resistance.The length of the second internode of M_(3)was 21.52%shorter than CK,and the fracture resistance was 36.36%higher than that of CK.The three regulators could effectively promote the grain number per spike,1000-grain weight,and seed yield of oats,The most effective treatment was to spray mepiquat chloride.Compared with CK,the seed yield of M_(1),M_(2)m and M_(3)increased by 4.63%,16.54%,and 21.00%,respectively.Detailed analysis showed that mepiquat chloride could effectively increase lodging resistance and improve seed production.Treatment with 4.0 ml·L^(-1)(M_(3))of mepiquat chloride was most effective in supporting oat seed production.

关 键 词：燕麦 生长调节剂 抗倒伏指数 抗折力 种子产量相关性状 种子产量 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]