基于循环谱相关的编码器信号滚动轴承故障检测  

Fault detection of rolling bearings based on encoder signals via cyclic spectral correlation

作　　者：田田 郭瑜[1] 杨新敏 邹翔 陈鑫 TIAN Tian;GUO Yu;YANG Xinmin;ZOU Xiang;CHEN Xin(Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第16期202-208,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52165067);云南省科技计划重大专项项目(202002AC080001)。

摘　　要：针对振动传感器安装受限的场合,结合编码器信号的优势,以编码器瞬时角速度(instantaneous angular speed, IAS)为信号,提出一种基于编码器IAS信号诊断特征(diagnostic feature, DF)指标的循环谱相关(cyclic spectral correlation, CSC)优化解调频带选取算法。首先利用向前差分法估计编码器信号获得轴承的IAS信号,并利用CSC得到IAS信号的双变量谱;然后按照初始子频带带宽为循环频率积分区间得到子频带改进包络谱(improved envelope spectrum, IES),并计算子频带IES的DF数值获得DF曲线;再通过评判DF数值合并子频带得到优化解调频带;最后利用包络分析提取滚动轴承故障特征阶次。通过仿真和轴承实测数据验证了所提方法的有效性。In view of the limited installation of vibration sensors,combined with the advantages of the encoder signal,a cyclic spectrum correlation(CSC)optimization demodulation frequency band selection algorithm based on the encoder instantaneous angular speed(IAS)signal diagnostic feature(DF)index was proposed with the encoder IAS as the signal.Firstly,the encoder signal was estimated by the forward difference method to obtain the IAS signal of the bearings,and the bivariate spectrum of the IAS signal was obtained by using the CSC;then the sub-band improved envelope spectrum(IES)was obtained according to the initial sub-band bandwidth as the cyclic frequency integration interval,and the sub-band was calculated.The DF value of the IES was obtained to achieve the DF curve;the optimal demodulation frequency band was obtained by combining the sub-bands through judging the DF value;finally,the fault characteristic order of the rolling bearing was extracted by the envelope analysis.The effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper was verified by simulation and bearing measured data.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 编码器 瞬时角速度(IAS) IESFOgram 自适应频带划分 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]