俄英同源词语义异化演变机制探析  

Semantic Dissimilation of Russian-English Cognates

作　　者：胡荃 Hu Quan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学

出　　处：《中国俄语教学》2023年第3期31-39,共9页Russian in China

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)面上项目“俄英语同源词语义演变研究”(22XNA028)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：俄英同源词语义的异化演变研究可采用不同的方法。本文采用抽样推断的统计学方法来探究其异化演变的机制。研究表明,俄英同源词语义异化主要为转移异化,并辅以转类异化、缩小异化、扩大异化、贬降异化、扬升异化等其他机制。该六种异化演变机制的提出,对深化对不同语言间的语义演变规律的认知和理解有一定语言学意义。This study explores and summarizes the mechanism of semantic dissimilation of Russian-English cognates based on scientific sample inference.Results indicate that the semantic dissimilation of Russian-English cognates can be triggered by semantic transfer,conversion,narrowing,extension,degradation,elevation of meaning.Among them semantic transfer is the main semantic dissimilation mechanism.In this study,the object languages of cross-language cognates expand from Sino-Tibetan to Indo-European,it enriches the knowledge and understanding of Russian-English cognates and their semantic changes.This study also provides some valuable references in the methodology by using statistical method to overcome the limitation of introspection enumeration method in the research of semantic change.

关 键 词：俄英语 同源词 语义异化演变 抽样推断 

分 类 号：H35[语言文字—俄语]